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根据马克思股份制理论,生产力、信用制度和市场经济的发展是股份制产生的前提条件;股份制具有集资和分险、培养经理人才、促进生产力发展的功能,但也具有产生食利者阶层、助长投机欺诈活动等消极作用;在资本主义社会里,股份制是对资本主义的扬弃,是向联合生产方式的过渡。所以,股份制本质上是一种资本组织形式,而不是所有制形式,在社会主义初级阶段,它可以成为公有制的主要实现形式。
According to Marx’s shareholding theory, the development of the productive forces, credit system and market economy are the preconditions for the establishment of the shareholding system. The stock system has the functions of fund raising and risk diversification, training managers and promoting the development of productive forces. However, it also has the function of generating rentiers and promoting speculative fraud Activities and other negative effects; in capitalist society, the share system is the sublation of capitalism, is the transition to a joint mode of production. Therefore, the shareholding system is essentially a form of capital organization rather than a form of ownership. In the initial stage of socialism, it can become the main form of public ownership.