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气象要素的空间变化受到地形因素的影响很大,在气象观测站点有限的情况下,建立数学模型,运行用插值法研究气象要素的分布成为目前科学界广为应用的方法。空间化的气象资源广泛用于生态系统模拟和农业系统模拟与农业区划中,但常规的经纬度插值模型对地形复杂、气象站点稀少的地区,气象要素空间分布模拟的精度不高。鉴于此,基于Arc GIS平台,利用1∶25万DEM数据,综合考虑经度、纬度和海拔高度对气温的影响,建立数学模型,采用克立格法、距离平方反比法、梯度距离权重反比法和样条函数法对内蒙古敖汉旗的温度气象要素进行空间内插,通过估值评估检验,选择最优插值法,得出敖汉旗各地点的温度数据。
The spatial variation of the meteorological elements is greatly influenced by the terrain factors. Under the limited meteorological observation stations, it is a widely used method to establish the mathematical model and run the interpolation method to study the distribution of the meteorological elements. Spatialized meteorological resources are widely used in ecosystem simulation and agricultural system simulation and agricultural division. However, the conventional latitude and longitude interpolation models are not accurate in the simulation of spatial distribution of meteorological elements in complicated terrain and meteorological stations. In view of this, based on the Arc GIS platform, using 1: 250000 DEM data, taking into account the impact of longitude, latitude and altitude on the temperature, the mathematical model is established. The Kriging method, distance inverse square method, gradient distance weight inverse method and The spline function method is used to interpolate the temperature meteorological elements of Aohan Banner, Inner Mongolia. Through the evaluation of the evaluation and the optimal interpolation method, the temperature data of Aohan Banner are obtained.