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目的探讨突发事件中救援官兵心理干预操作的原则和策略。方法在汶川8.0地震时,对第一时间参加救援的1475名官兵实施60场次团体互动示范式心理干预,干预过程中实施以下原则:所有不正常反应均给予合理正常化解释;所有互动均在示范基础之上实施;所有心理评估均与心理支持干预统一操作,以及运用所干预的目标均与当前的任务结合,团体与个体差异相结合的预防策略。结果救援官兵主动参与意识增强,认知、情绪和行为调整后自我感觉改善明显,对干预活动的构成因素和影响因素满意度较高。结论突发事件中对救援官兵实施团体示范互动式心理干预的原则和策略具有一定的指导作用,值得进一步推广。
Objective To explore the principles and strategies of psychological intervention of rescue officers and soldiers in emergencies. Methods During the Wenchuan earthquake, 60 participants and 1475 officers and men who participated in the rescue at the first time were involved in the implementation of the 60-episode group interactive demonstration psychological intervention. The following principles were implemented during the Wenchuan earthquake: All abnormal reactions were given reasonable and normalized explanations. All the interactions were demonstrated Based on the implementation of all psychological evaluation and psychological support intervention unified operation, as well as the use of intervention objectives are combined with the current task, the combination of group and individual differences prevention strategy. Results Rescue officers and soldiers increased their awareness of active participation, and perceived self-perceptions after cognitive, emotional and behavioral adjustments were significantly improved. Satisfaction with the components and influencing factors of the intervention was higher. Conclusion It is worth to further promote the principles and tactics of the rescue officers and soldiers in carrying out demonstration and interactive psychological intervention in emergencies.