滑坡、泥石流等地质灾害产生的松散土体常在河流岸边形成大型堆积体,缩窄了主河道过流宽度,压缩主河流路,对水流运动产生影响。本文通过水槽试验,研究了堆积体作用下缓坡河道水深沿程及横向分布规律。在堆积体作用下,河道水深沿程分布发生规律性变化,其具体表现为:堆积体上游段水位壅高;堆积体段水深急剧降低;堆积体下游段,在扩散作用下,水位逐渐恢复到无堆积体条件下的天然水位。堆积体附近水深沿横断面的分布相比天然情况下表现为:堆积体上游壅水最大值在堆积体侧上游,远离堆积体一岸,相对水深逐渐减小;堆积体所在断面,从堆积体侧至对岸相对水深缓慢增大。随堆积体尺度的增加,堆积体对河道水深沿程及横向分布的影响也愈加强烈。 Loose soil produced by geological disasters, such as landslides and mudslides often form large-scale accumulations on the bank of the river, narrowing the overcurrent width of the main channel, compressing the main river channel, and affecting the water flow. In this paper, through the sink test, the water depth and the horizontal distribution of the gentle slope are studied. Under the action of the accumulation body, the distribution of water depth along the river course changes regularly, which is manifested as follows: the water level in the upper reaches of the accumulation body is very high; the water depth of the accumulation body body drastically decreases; in the downstream of the accumulation body, the water level gradually returns to Natural water level without deposit. Compared with the natural case, the distribution of water depth near the accumulations is as follows: the maximum value of the sludges upstream of the accumulations is upstream of the accumulations, far away from one bank of the accumulations, and the relative water depth gradually decreases; where the accumulations are located, The relative water depth slowly increases from the side to the opposite shore. With the increase of the scale of the deposit, the impact of the deposit on the depth and depth of the river course is also more and more intense.