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本文在文献爬梳的基础上勾勒了明清女性观戏的大致风貌,并结合观戏心理对这一较少为研究者关注的明清女性戏曲观众群作出分析。通过对明清女性观戏方式、观戏特点、观戏心理的梳理和分析,可以看到,明清女性主要通过迎神赛会、曲会、文人士夫家宴等三种方式观戏;由于戏曲演出方式、观看方式的不同,明清女性戏曲观众形成“雅观”和“俗观”两种不同趣味、风格、形态的观戏形态,这一雅俗分观特征打上了戏曲发展过程中的“文人化”与“民间化”的烙印。
Based on the literature, this article sketches the general style of the female viewers in the Ming and Qing dynasties and analyzes the audiences of the female opera in Ming and Qing dynasties which are less concerned by the researchers. Through the combing and analysis of the women’s viewing styles in the Ming and Qing dynasties, the characteristics of the viewing and the psychology of the viewing opera, it can be seen that the women in the Ming and Qing dynasties viewed the play mainly through the three methods of the welcome contest, the song meeting and the literati’s husband’s feast; There are two different kinds of taste, style and form of spectacle play in the female operas of Ming and Qing Dynasties, which are characterized by the spectacle of “elegant” and “vulgar” In the process of “literati” and “folk” mark.