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目的:分析桂林市2010~2013年5岁以下儿童死亡率、变化趋势及主要死因、死前医疗保健服务状况、死亡地域分布等,为制定相应干预措施提供依据。方法:对2010~2013年桂林市5岁以下儿童死亡监测资料进行回顾性分析。结果:5岁以下儿童死亡率平均为8.18‰,呈逐年下降趋势。5岁以下儿童死亡中以婴儿及新生儿为主,分别占27.59%和44.68%,早期新生儿死亡占新生儿死亡的74.92%。早产和低出生体重、先天性心脏病、溺水、出生窒息和意外窒息等是5岁以下儿童死亡的主要原因。结论:为降低5岁以下儿童死亡率,应继续大力开展宣传教育,提高围生期保健水平,加强产儿科合作,提高窒息复苏技术水平,加强出生缺陷三级预防,改善农村群众就医条件及环境等措施。
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the mortality rate, the changing trend and the main causes of death among children under 5 years of age in Guilin from 2010 to 2013, the status of pre-death medical and health care services and the geographical distribution of deaths, and provide the basis for formulating the corresponding intervention measures. Methods: The data of death monitoring of children under 5 years of age from 2010 to 2013 in Guilin were retrospectively analyzed. Results: The average mortality rate of children under 5 years of age was 8.18 ‰, showing a declining trend year by year. Infants and neonates accounted for 27.59% and 44.68% of the total deaths of children under 5 years of age, respectively. Neonatal deaths accounted for 74.92% of all neonatal deaths in early years. Premature birth and birth weight, congenital heart disease, drowning, birth asphyxia and accidental asphyxia are among the leading causes of death among children under 5 years of age. Conclusion: In order to reduce the mortality rate of children under 5 years of age, we should continue to vigorously carry out publicity and education to improve perinatal health care, strengthen pediatric cooperation, improve the level of asphyxiation and resuscitation skills, strengthen tertiary prevention of birth defects and improve rural people’s medical conditions and environment And other measures.