清末民初，在沙俄不断肢解中国领土、屡屡制造中国边疆危机时，为亡羊补牢，中国政府曾先后两次在边疆少数民族地区推行新式教育，尤其是在经济、文化极度落后的鄂伦春族地区，兴办学校，强化教育，以提高鄂伦春族的民族素质。这种试图通过开启民智，振兴少数民族经济文化来固 At the end of the Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the Republic of China, the Chinese government repeatedly implemented new forms of education in the minority areas of the border areas, especially in the area of ​​Oroqen, where the economy and culture are extremely backward, as the United States constantly dismembering China’s territory and frequently create the crisis of China’s border areas. Schools, education, to enhance the national quality of Oroqen. This attempt is made by opening up the wisdom of the people and rejuvenating the economic and cultural minorities