基于教育层级化供给的制度安排,以及初始人力资本的城乡差距,本文分析了我国公共教育经费中高中阶段投入变动对于城乡个体的公平效应。利用中国相关数据进行数值模拟后发现,当前我国高中教育投入处于底线值水平,适度提高高中投入比例,可实现缩小城乡差距、提升国民素质、优化劳动力层次结构等目标,进而提高效率和促进公平。 Based on the institutional arrangements of hierarchical education and the gap between urban and rural areas of initial human capital, this paper analyzes the fair effect of changes in input in high school education on urban and rural areas. Using Chinese relevant data to conduct numerical simulation, we find that at present, the input of high school education in our country is at the baseline level, and the proportion of high school input is moderately increased. This can achieve the goal of narrowing the gap between urban and rural areas, improving national quality and optimizing labor hierarchy so as to improve efficiency and promote fairness.