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利用 5个具有不同纤维品质性状的品种 (系 )配制完全双列杂交组合 2 0个 ,通过亲本和F1的 2年随机区组试验 ,结果为除纤维整齐度受环境等因素影响较大 ,其余性状主要受遗传因素控制 ;在与环境的互作中 ,纤维强度和长度的互作效应小 ,麦克隆值的加性和母体效应及伸长率的显性效应与环境的互作较大 ,均达到了显著水平遗传主效中 ,所有的研究性状不存在母体效应 ,以加性为主 ;强度与长度加性遗传率高 ,分别占 77 6 %和 73 2 % ;麦克隆值的加性效应占 4 5 2 % ,显性效应所占的比例在纤维性状中最高 ,为 11 5 %。纤维品质性状的群体平均优势仅麦克隆值的较高 (3 2 % ) ,达到了显著水平 ,其余性状的优势仅为 - 0 4 %～ 0 7%。纤维品质性状的遗传结果与杂种优势一致。在杂种优势利用时 ,可以通过双亲平均值的高低来预测F1的纤维品质表现。纤维强度、长度和细度的加性遗传率高 ,这些性状均可以早代选择
Twenty hybrid lines were made from five varieties with different fiber quality traits. Two-year randomized block test with parents and F1 showed that the fiber uniformity was greatly affected by environmental factors and the rest The traits were mainly controlled by genetic factors; in the interaction with the environment, the interaction effect of fiber strength and length was small, and the micronaire value additive effect and the dominant effect of maternal effect and elongation rate had a great interaction with the environment, All reached a significant level of genetic main effect, all the research traits there is no maternal effect, mainly to add; strength and length of the additive hereditary rate, accounting for 77.6% and 73.2% respectively; The effect accounted for 45.2%. The proportion of the dominant effect was the highest among the fiber traits, at 11 5%. The average superiority of fiber quality traits was only higher (32%) in wheat, reaching a significant level, while the remaining traits had only -0.4% -0.7% advantage. The genetic result of fiber quality traits is consistent with heterosis. When the heterosis is utilized, the fiber quality performance of F1 can be predicted by the average of both parents. The additive hereditary rate of fiber strength, length and fineness is high, and these traits can all be selected in the early generation