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20世纪30年代,为挽救严重的农村危机,商业银行曾掀起一股投资农村的热潮。中国银行是民国时期一家非常著名的商业银行,农贷业务本不在其营业范围内,然而自1932年至1942年,中国银行却开展了为期十年的农贷活动。为推广农贷业务,中行采取了很多措施,其农贷规模在当时从事农贷活动的金融机构中一直位居前列。农贷业务既是中行在当时特殊社会环境下进行业务创新和救济农村的产物,为当时农业金融发展做出了一定贡献,同时也反映了这一时期中国农业金融发展的特殊道路。中行发展农贷业务的措施、取得的成绩与面临的困境,及其对农贷的认识,为我们今天认识和解决“三农”问题,尤其是发展农村金融,不无借鉴。
In the 1930s, commercial banks set off a wave of investing in rural areas to save a serious rural crisis. Bank of China was a very famous commercial bank during the Republican period. The rural credit business was not within its scope of business. However, from 1932 to 1942, Bank of China launched a ten-year agricultural lending activity. In order to promote the rural credit business, Bank of China took a number of measures and the scale of its agricultural loans has been among the top financial institutions engaged in agricultural credit activities at that time. The rural credit loan business is not only the product of the business innovation and relief rural areas under the special social environment of the time, but also contributed to the development of agricultural finance at that time. It also reflected the special road of China’s agricultural financial development during this period. The measures, achievements and difficulties faced by the Bank of China in developing its rural credit business and its understanding of the agricultural loans are of great help to us today in understanding and resolving the issue of “agriculture, rural areas and farmers”, especially in rural finance development.