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分析了城市客运交通结构优化的目标。基于每种交通方式的生态特性与效用特性,利用目标规划法,建立了以生态影响最小为第1目标、交通效用最大为第2目标的双目标优化模型,并提出了相关约束条件。在模型的算法上,首先运用线性规划法求出了生态影响最小值与交通效用最大值,其次运用层次算法对模型进行求解,通过分析偏差值,使所求解合理化,符合现实情况。以大连市中心城区为例对模型进行了应用。结果表明,优化后的交通结构能够体现生态优先的原则,同时符合大连市实情。
The objective of urban passenger transport structure optimization is analyzed. Based on the ecological characteristics and utility characteristics of each mode of transport, a bi-objective optimization model with the least ecological impact as the first objective and the maximum transport utility as the second objective is established by using the target programming method. Relevant constraints are also proposed. In the algorithm of the model, the minimum of ecological impact and the maximum of traffic utility are calculated by using linear programming method first, and then the model is solved by using the hierarchical algorithm. By analyzing the deviation value, the solution is rationalized and in line with the actual situation. Taking the downtown area of Dalian as an example, the model is applied. The results show that the optimized traffic structure can reflect the principle of ecological priority and at the same time meet the actual conditions of Dalian.