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现有的岩石断层剪切滑移监测方法不易直接测量沿剪切滑移方向的变形,仪器布设较繁琐,且无法监测岩石断层剪切滑移的中后期变形。基于磁场定位理论,采用磁性物质制作磁性智能石头,在岩石断层两侧的岩体分别布设磁性智能石头和磁传感探头,构建岩石断层剪切滑移大变形监测系统。基于磁场梯度张量缩并定位对磁性智能石头进行跟踪,实现岩石断层剪切滑移的中后期大变形监测。根据磁传感探头的精度和地球磁场梯度的影响,通过三维磁感应强度和磁场梯度的分析,其有效监测距离最大值为35 m,理论误差随着变形值与监测距离的比值、断层厚度与监测距离的比值的增大而增大。在岩石断层剪切滑移大变形监测的模拟试验中,在断层厚度为0.5~1.0 m、监测距离为5 m的情况下,变形监测的相对误差最大约为2%,可为磁测在岩石断层剪切滑移大变形监测的进一步研究和应用提供参考。
The existing method of shear fault slip monitoring is not easy to directly measure the deformation along the direction of shear slip. Therefore, it is not easy to monitor the mid-late deformation of the shear slip of the fault. Based on the theory of magnetic field localization, a magnetic material is used to fabricate a magnetic intelligent rock. Magnetic rock and magnetic sensing probes are respectively arranged on the rock mass on both sides of the rock fault to construct a monitoring system for monitoring large shear deformation of the rock fault. The magnetic intelligent stone was tracked based on the magnetic field gradient tensor shrinkage positioning to realize the monitoring of the large deformation in the middle and later stages of rock fault shear-slippage. According to the accuracy of the magnetic sensor probe and the influence of the gradient of the earth’s magnetic field, the maximum effective monitoring distance is 35 m through the analysis of three-dimensional magnetic flux density and magnetic field gradient. The theoretical error varies with the ratio of the deformation value to the monitoring distance, Distance ratio increases and increases. In the simulation test of large shear deformation monitoring of rock faults, the relative error of deformation monitoring is about 2% when the fault thickness is 0.5-1.0 m and the monitoring distance is 5 m, The further research and application of monitoring of large shear deformation of slip shear are provided.