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目的:观察给予母孕期及哺乳期小鼠添加不同含量n-3多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFAs)饲料喂养,对成年期仔小鼠脑神经细胞凋亡的影响。方法:使用6-8周龄清洁级C57BL/6J雌性小鼠,随机分为5组,每组10只,分别给予小鼠缺乏n-3 PUFAs的饲料、n-6/n-3 PUFAs比值为15:1、5:1、1:1的饲料和高含量鱼油的n-3 PUFAs饲料(n-6/n-3 PUFAs比值为1:5)喂养。小鼠12-14周龄时进行雌雄合笼交配繁殖,仔小鼠断乳后继续行母小鼠相同饲料喂养,选取生后3 m成年仔小鼠用于实验。取小鼠脑进行组织固定,采用免疫组织化学技术对脑组织海马区神经细胞凋亡情况进行分析。结果:与缺乏n-3 PUFAs组小鼠相比,n-3 PUFAs饲料喂养组,尤其是n-6/n-3 PUFAs比值(5:1)和(1:1)组小鼠海马CA3区神经细胞抗凋亡蛋白Bcl2表达明显增加,而致凋亡蛋白Bax表达则显著降低。但高含量鱼油的n-3 PUFAs喂养组小鼠(即n-6/n-3 PUFAs 1:5组)与缺乏n-3 PUFAs组小鼠相比,未表现出显著性差异。结论:孕期及哺乳期小鼠饲料中添加n-3 PUFAs,尤其是n-6/n-3 PUFAs比值在5~1:1时有助于减少成年仔小鼠脑组织神经细胞凋亡的发生,而过高含量n-3 PUFAs摄入则未对小鼠脑凋亡发生起到促进作用。
OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of diet supplemented with different levels of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) on the neuronal apoptosis of adult mice during pregnancy and lactation. METHODS: Female C57BL / 6J mice aged 6-8 weeks were randomly divided into 5 groups with 10 mice in each group. The mice were fed diets lacking n-3 PUFAs. The ratio of n-6 / n-3 PUFAs was N-3 PUFAs feed (n-6 / n-3 PUFAs ratio of 1: 5) at 15: 1, 5: 1, and 1: 1 and high levels of fish oil. The mice were mated at the age of 12-14 weeks to breed males and females. After the mice were weaned, the same mice were fed with the same feed, and 3-year-old adult mice were selected for experiment. The brain of mice was taken for tissue fixation, and the apoptosis of neurons in hippocampus of brain tissue was analyzed by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: Compared with mice lacking n-3 PUFAs, hippocampal CA3 region of n-3 PUFAs diet-fed group, especially n-6 / n-3 PUFAs ratio (5: 1) Bcl2 expression of neuronal anti-apoptotic protein increased significantly, while the apoptotic protein Bax expression was significantly reduced. However, n-3 PUFAs-fed mice (ie n-6 / n-3 PUFAs 1: 5 groups) at high levels of fish oil showed no significant difference compared to mice lacking n-3 PUFAs. CONCLUSION: Addition of n-3 PUFAs, especially n-6 / n-3 PUFAs, to the diet of pregnant mice and lactating mice during 5 to 1: 1 of pregnancy may reduce the occurrence of neuronal apoptosis in adult mice , While excessive intake of n-3 PUFAs did not promote apoptosis in mice brain.