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[目的]该研究旨在探索棉花栽培的最佳施氮量。[方法]该研究以转基因抗虫棉FZ-1品系为试验材料,利用田间试验,研究了不同施氮量对棉花生育特性、棉铃发育和皮棉产量的影响。[结果]施氮量为300和375kg/hm2时,皮棉产量与225kg/hm2施氮量相比分别增加了28.46%和18.73%。当施氮量由225kg/hm2增加到300kg/hm2时,单株铃数、铃重和皮棉产量显著增加。然而当施氮量继续增加至375kg/hm2时,皮棉产量的增幅明显下降。改善棉花生育特性和棉铃发育、提高皮棉产量的最佳施氮量为300kg/hm2。[结论]合理施氮是促进棉花植株的生长发育,确保其高产能力,最大限度地减少氮过量造成的环境污染最有效的方法。该研究为优质棉的大规模种植提供了完善的施氮策略。
[Objective] The research aimed to explore the best nitrogen application rate in cotton cultivation. [Method] The transgenic Bt cotton FZ-1 strain was used as experimental material to study the effects of different nitrogen rates on the growth characteristics, cotton boll development and lint yield of cotton. [Result] When the nitrogen application rates were 300 and 375 kg / hm2, the lint yield increased by 28.46% and 18.73% respectively compared with the nitrogen application rate of 225 kg / hm2. When the amount of nitrogen application increased from 225 kg / hm2 to 300 kg / hm2, bolls per plant, boll weight and lint yield increased significantly. However, when the amount of nitrogen application continued to increase to 375 kg / hm2, the increase in lint yield decreased significantly. The best nitrogen application rate for improving cotton growth characteristics and boll development and increasing lint yield was 300 kg / hm2. [Conclusion] It is the most effective method to reasonably apply nitrogen fertilizer to promote the growth and development of cotton plants, ensure its high yield capacity and minimize the environmental pollution caused by nitrogen excess. This research provides a sound nitrogen application strategy for large-scale cultivation of high-quality cotton.