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目的：探讨全麻和硬膜外麻醉对老年骨科患者手术后认知功能的影响。方法选取2010年11月至2012年11月150例本院骨科收治的老年骨科手术患者病例资料，依据手术麻醉方式不同分为对照组与观察组，每组75例，其中对照组采用全身麻醉，观察组采用硬膜外麻醉，对比两组老年骨科患者手术后6h、24h和72h的认知功能。结果发生老年认知功能障碍病例中观察组8例（10.67%），对照组14例（18.67%），依据MMSE法评分标准评估后，在术后6h、24h和72h的评分观察组高于对照组，两组具有差异性统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论老年骨科患者手术中，采用硬膜外麻醉对老年骨科患者产生的认知功能的影响和发生认知功能障碍可能性均低于全身麻醉，并且术后恢复时间短，值得临床医师推荐应用。“,”objective to investigate the anesthesia and epidural anesthesia effects on cognitive function in elderly patients with orthopaedic surgery. Method selection in November 2010 to November 2012, 150 cases in our hospital orthopaedic hospital were the old patients with orthopaedic surgery data, on the basis of general anesthesia way divided into control group and observation group, 75 cases in each group, the control group with general anesthesia, observation group with epidural anesthesia, compared two groups of the old patients with orthopaedic surgery 6 h, 24 h and 72 h after cognitive function. Results the occurrence of senile cognitive dysfunction patients in the observation group of 8 cases (10.6728%), 14 cases in the control group (18.67%), based on MMSE method of assessment criteria, scoring in the observation group, postoperative 6h, 24h and 72h higher than that of the control group, the two groups have statistical significance difference (P<0.05). Conclusion elderly patients with operation in the Department of orthopedics, the influence of epidural anesthesia on cognitive function in elderly patients from Department of orthopedics and cognitive dysfunction were lower than the possibility of general anesthesia, and postoperative recovery time is short, clinicians recommended application.