2003年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试说明中指出,学生的运算能力包括能根据问题的条件,寻求与设计合理、简捷的运算途径,能根据要求对数据进行估计和近似计算。这表明,作为一个合格的高中毕业生应具备一定的估算能力。所谓估算,即大致推算,也就是粗略的心算、口算或认为是一种 In 2003, the Unified National Examination for Higher Education Enrolment states that the student’s numeracy skills include the ability to seek and design a reasonable and straightforward computational approach based on the conditions of the problem, and that the data can be estimated and approximated according to the requirements. This shows that as a qualified high school graduate, it should have a certain ability to estimate. The so-called estimate, which is roughly calculated, is roughly mental arithmetic, oral calculation, or considered to be a kind of