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基于热力学计算结果,通过配碳还原-熔分工艺,从不锈钢粉尘中选择性分步提取了Cr、Ni和Zn重金属元素.配碳还原实验结果表明,不锈钢粉尘的最佳配碳量为20%,粉尘中Fe、Ni和Zn的最低还原温度为1050℃,Cr的最低还原温度是1 400℃,与热力学计算结果一致,通过控制温度实现了对粉尘中金属的选择性分步还原.直接还原熔分实验说明,Fe-Cr合金最佳熔分温度为1550℃,粉尘中金属以Fe-Ni-Cr合金形式被提取出来,渣金分离状况良好,反应时间5min时金属提取率已达到75%左右,15 min时Fe和Cr收得率达到85%以上,Ni超过90%.通过控制配碳量、还原时间与反应温度,在不改变现有工艺的条件下,不锈钢粉尘直接返回炼钢主流程回收其重金属完全可行.
Based on the results of thermodynamic calculations, selective Cr, Ni and Zn heavy metal elements were extracted from stainless steel dust by carbon reduction-fusion process.The results of carbon reduction experiment showed that the optimum carbon content of stainless steel dust was 20% , The lowest reduction temperature of Fe, Ni and Zn in dust was 1050 ℃, the lowest reduction temperature of Cr was 1 400 ℃, which was consistent with the thermodynamic calculation results, and the selective reduction of the metal in dust was achieved by controlling the temperature. Melting experiments show that the optimal melting temperature of Fe-Cr alloy is 1550 ℃. The metal in the dust is extracted as Fe-Ni-Cr alloy and the separation of slag and gold is good. The metal extraction rate reaches 75% , The yield of Fe and Cr reaches over 85% at 15 min and over 90% of Ni. By controlling the amount of carbon, the reduction time and the reaction temperature, the stainless steel dust directly returns to the steel-making plant without changing the existing process The process of recycling its heavy metals is entirely feasible.