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目的掌握天津市孕妇食盐摄碘量及碘营养水平,分析盐碘与碘营养的关系,为孕妇科学补碘提供依据。方法2013年10月-2014年8月,在全市6个区县,采取分层随机抽样方法,每个区县抽取孕早(≤12周)、孕中(13~28周)、孕晚期(29~40周)的孕妇各约30名,6个区县共545名(孕早、中、晚期各173、203、169名)孕妇采集其随机尿样25ml测定尿碘,采集孕妇家庭盐样测定盐碘,并采用3 d称量法测量人均食盐摄入量。结果孕妇家庭碘盐覆盖率为85.29%,盐碘中位数为24.3 mg/kg(四分位数间距:21.8~26.9 mg/kg),人均摄盐量(10.34±5.32)g/d,不同孕期、不同区县间每日摄盐量差异无统计学意义(分别F=1.022,P=0.360;F=0.692,P=0.630)。食盐摄碘量中位数为187.11μg/d(四分位数间距:119.73~267.17μg/d),不同孕期食盐摄碘量差异无统计学意义(H=1.640,P=0.440),不同区县食盐摄碘量差异有统计学意义(H=13.667,P=0.018)。尿碘中位数为127.20μg/L(四分位数间距:82.44~184.95μg/L),不同孕期、不同区县尿碘差异均无统计学意义(分别H=3.264,P=0.196;H=3.599,P=0.609)。62.57%的孕妇碘营养不足,24.59%的孕妇碘营养适宜,11.01%的孕妇碘营养超过适宜量,还有1.83%的孕妇碘过量。结论天津市孕妇碘营养处于不足状态,目前盐碘浓度对孕妇碘营养略有不足。
Objective To understand the salt intake and iodine nutrition of pregnant women in Tianjin, analyze the relationship between salt iodine and iodine nutrition, and provide the basis for scientific iodine supplementation in pregnant women. Methods From October 2013 to August 2014, stratified random sampling method was adopted in 6 districts and counties in the city, and pregnant women (≤12 weeks), pregnant middle (13-28 weeks) and third trimester 29 to 40 weeks) pregnant women of about 30, 6 districts and counties a total of 545 (early pregnancy, middle and late 173,203,169) pregnant women collected random urine samples of 25ml determination of urinary iodine, pregnant women collected samples of salt Salt iodine was measured and salt intake per capita measured by 3-day weighed method. Results The iodized salt coverage rate of pregnant women was 85.29%, the median of salt iodine was 24.3 mg / kg (interquartile range: 21.8-26.9 mg / kg), and the salt intake per capita was 10.34 ± 5.32 g / d, During pregnancy, there was no significant difference in daily salt intake among different counties (F = 1.022, P = 0.360; F = 0.692, P = 0.630). The median iodine intake of salt was 187.11μg / d (interquartile range: 119.73 ~ 267.17μg / d). There was no significant difference in salt intake between different periods (H = 1.640, P = 0.440) County salt iodized differences were statistically significant (H = 13.667, P = 0.018). The urinary iodine median was 127.20 μg / L (interquartile range: 82.44-184.95 μg / L). There was no significant difference in urinary iodine between different districts and counties during pregnancy (H = 3.264, P = 0.196, respectively; H = 3.599, P = 0.609). 62.57% of iodine deficiency in pregnant women, 24.59% of iodine suitable for pregnant women, 11.01% of pregnant women more than the appropriate amount of iodine nutrition, and 1.83% of pregnant women with iodine excess. Conclusion Tianjin iodine nutrition pregnant women in inadequate state, the current concentration of iodine iodine iodine nutrition pregnant women slightly inadequate.