论文部分内容阅读
目的:了解温州市城市居民慢性病预防素养水平分布状况及影响因素,为制定慢性病健康教育的干预决策和措施提供科学依据。方法:采用多阶段随机整群抽样方法,在温州市区抽取767名15~69周岁常住城市居民进行问卷调查,开展慢性病预防素养水平测评。结果:调查对象总慢性病预防素养具备率为16.82%,其中有关慢性病预防的健康基本知识与理念素养为27.25%,健康技能素养为19.17%,健康生活方式和行为素养为14.73%。单因素分析显示,性别、年龄、文化、婚姻、疾病易感性认知及是否医卫工作等均能影响其慢性病预防素养水平,经χ~2检验,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示:文化程度越高,慢性病预防素养水平也越高,以小学及以下者为参照,初中、高中/职高/中专、大学及以上文化程度者具备慢性病预防素养的OR值分别为0.05(95%CI:0.02~0.13),0.18(95%CI:0.09~0.35),0.39(95%CI:0.22~0.69);女性居民慢性病预防素养高于男性居民,OR值为0.57(95%CI:0.36~0.90);从事医疗卫生工作的居民素养具备率高于非医卫工作者,OR值为5.04(95%CI:2.53~10.24);易感性认知高的居民慢性病预防素养水平高于易感性认知低的居民,OR值为1.68(95%CI:1.04~2.72)。结论:温州市城市居民慢性病预防素养水平较低,应进一步加强综合防控干预策略,提升慢性病预防素养水平。
Objective: To understand the distribution and influencing factors of prevention and treatment of chronic diseases in urban residents in Wenzhou, and to provide scientific basis for making intervention decisions and measures for health education of chronic diseases. Methods: A multistage randomized cluster sampling method was used to survey 767 inhabitants aged 15-69 in the urban area of Wenzhou City to conduct questionnaire survey and evaluate the level of prevention and treatment of chronic diseases. Results: The total chronic disease prevention and treatment attainment rate was 16.82%. Among them, 27.25% of the basic health knowledge and ideology, 29.17% of the health literacy and 14.73% of the healthy lifestyles and behavioral literacy were related to the prevention of chronic diseases. Univariate analysis showed that gender, age, culture, marriage, disease susceptibility and health care work could all affect the level of chronic disease prevention and maintenance. There was significant difference (χ ~ 2 test) between the two groups (P <0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that: the higher the educational level, the higher the level of chronic disease prevention and literacy, with primary and below as a reference, junior high school, high school / vocational high school / technical secondary school, college and above with chronic disease prevention literacy OR (95% CI: 0.09-0.35), 0.39 (95% CI: 0.22-0.69). The preventive qualities of chronic diseases in female residents were higher than those in male residents, with OR values of 0.57 (95% CI: 0.36-0.90). The occupational literacy rate of residents engaged in medical and health work was higher than that of non-medical workers (OR = 5.04, 95% CI: 2.53-10.24), and residents with high susceptibility to chronic diseases The level of literacy was higher than that of residents with low cognitive susceptibility, with an OR of 1.68 (95% CI: 1.04-2.72). Conclusion: The level of prevention and treatment of chronic diseases in urban residents in Wenzhou is relatively low. The strategy of comprehensive prevention and control should be further strengthened to improve the level of prevention and literacy of chronic diseases.