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近年来,全球公益慈善领域日新月异,“催化式慈善”(Catalytic Philanthropy)作为一种基于资本和市场的慈善创新理念和手段,出现在推动社会变革的大潮中。这种慈善方式着眼于创造合作与创新的条件,使用一切可以带来变革的工具(包括非营利领域之外的非常规手段),试图通过系统化、规模化方式应对社会问题。本文通过若干案例对发生在美国的催化式慈善的有效性进行了分析和观察,并对比阐述了以“小组织”为特征传统慈善的局限。的确,催化式慈善作为公益慈善行业链条上游的驱动者——捐赠者的自我变革,对系统化解决大规模社会问题这一难题已经展现出可观的效果和潜力。但值得一提的是,虽然小组织通常无力解决大规模社会问题,却能深入到大规模变革难以触及的角落,并发现、提出乃至解决那些被大变革忽视的小问题,它们的存在还丰富了公益慈善领域的多元生态,增加了公民的自组织能力和社会活力。我们希望,通过不同的公益理念、策略与手法的相互碰撞,能够激发出公益领域的更多思考与活力。
In recent years, with the ever-changing global charity philanthropy, Catalytic Philanthropy emerged as a tide for promoting social change as a philanthropic innovation concept and method based on capital and market. This charitable approach aims to create the conditions for cooperation and innovation by using all the tools that can bring change, including non-conventional means beyond the nonprofit sector, in an attempt to address social issues in a systematic and scaled-up manner. This article analyzes and observes the effectiveness of catalyzed philanthropy in the United States through several cases and contrasts the limitations of traditional charity characterized by “small organizations.” Indeed, catalyzed philanthropy, as a driver of the charitable industry upstream of the chain of charitable causes - donor self-transformation, has demonstrated impressive results and potential to systematically address the challenges of large-scale social issues. However, it is worth mentioning that while small organizations are often unable to solve large-scale social problems, they can penetrate into hard-to-reach corners of large-scale changes and discover that they are still rich in presenting and solving even small problems that are neglected by major changes The multi-ecology in the field of public charities has increased the self-organization and social vitality of citizens. We hope that through the collision of different philanthropic ideas, tactics and tactics, we can stimulate more thinking and energy in the field of public welfare.