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上世纪80年代各国进行的公用事业市场化改革呈现出一个基本的共同点,即充分发挥政府部门与私人部门的各自的优势,进行公共与私人的相互合作,形成了公私合作制。在这种合作方式下,政府与企业的合作关系一般是通过正式、详细的合同来维持,这意味着政府不能再单纯依靠指令、计划对市场主体进行管理,而必须依据合同来实施行政干预。基于此,本文提出,我国城市公用事业市场化中的规制改革应以合同规制为主并进一步地对合同规制的具体内涵及实施的有效制度环境进行了有益的探索。
The market-oriented reform of public utilities carried out by various countries in the 1980s showed a basic common ground that they gave full play to the respective strengths of the government departments and the private sector, carried out public-private cooperation and formed a public-private cooperation system. Under this kind of cooperation mode, the cooperation between government and enterprises is generally maintained through formal and detailed contracts. This means that the government can no longer rely solely on orders and plans to manage market entities, but must implement administrative intervention according to contracts. Based on this, this paper proposes that the regulation reform in the urbanization of urban public utilities in our country should focus on the contract regulation and further explore the specific connotation of the contract regulation and the effective institutional environment for its implementation.