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近10多年以来,由多国参与的局部战争均以空中对抗与空中打击为主要作战手段,显示了制空权在现代战争中的重要作用。因此,夺取制空权的主战武器——空空导弹成为了各国武器发展的重点。读者一般对于欧美军事大国的空空导弹比较熟悉,本文介绍空空导弹研制领域的一匹“黑马”——南非。南非从20世纪60年代末开始研制空空导弹,迄今已有多型近距、中距、远距空空导弹正在服役或研制中,其中一些堪与欧美导弹相匹敌。
In the past 10 years or so, the partial wars that many countries took part in were both air confrontation and air strikes as the main tactics of warfare, demonstrating the important role of airpower in the modern war. Therefore, air-to-air missiles, the main battle weapon to seize the airpower, have become the focus of arms development in all countries. The readers are generally familiar with the air-to-air missiles of the European and American military powers. This article introduces a “dark horse” in the field of developing air-to-air missiles - South Africa. Since the late 1960s, South Africa started to develop its air-to-air missiles. So far, many types of short-range, medium-range and long-range air-to-air missiles have been in service or under development, some of which are comparable to those of the European and American missiles.