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目的为研究青光眼视网膜的病理改变。方法用透射电镜观察了6例(6只眼)晚期青光眼的视网膜超微结构的改变。结果发现视网膜神经纤维层明显变薄,轴突严重破坏并丧失,神经节细胞几乎消失,可见大量细胞样体。视网膜内、外核层神经细胞数目减少、变性、排列紊乱,视杆、视锥细胞外节变性水肿。结论提示青光眼的病理改变主要是神经节细胞及其轴突变性、萎缩。这些病理改变导致青光眼视功能永久性损害。
Purpose To study the pathological changes of glaucoma retina. Methods The ultrastructural changes of the retina were observed in 6 cases (6 eyes) with advanced glaucoma by transmission electron microscopy. The results showed that the retinal nerve fiber layer was significantly thinner, serious damage and loss of axons, ganglion cells almost disappeared, showing a large number of cell-like bodies. Retina, the number of outer nuclear layer of nerve cells decreased, degeneration, disordered alignment, rods, cones ectopic degeneration and edema. Conclusions suggest that the pathological changes of glaucoma are mainly ganglion cells and their axons degeneration and atrophy. These pathological changes cause permanent damage to glaucoma.