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习语是文化的载体,又是语言的精华。习语是具有特定形式的词组,其含义往往不能从词组中单个词的意思推测而得。从广义上讲,习语包括成语,俗语,谚语,俚语等。习语来源广泛,因此往往带有鲜明的民族特色和文化特征。本文由三个部分组成。第一部分简单介绍了习语的特征。第二部分分析了英汉习语的关系。英语和汉语中都有大量习语,二者相比较,存在着很多相似点和不同之处。第三部分针对各种类型习语提出了具体的翻译方法。翻译完全对应习语时,用直译法比较合适,而借用法则适合运用于半对应习语的翻译。对于不对应习语,译者可选择的方法较多。在翻译过程中,译者不仅要尽量保持原语特色,还要满足目标语读者的需求。译者应该根据不同的情况和语境灵活运用这些方法。
Idioms are the carrier of culture and the essence of language. Idioms are phrases that have a particular form and whose meanings can not always be inferred from the meaning of a single word in a phrase. Broadly speaking, idioms include idioms, proverbs, slang and so on. Idioms come from a wide range of sources, so often with distinctive ethnic and cultural characteristics. This article consists of three parts. The first part briefly introduces the characteristics of idioms. The second part analyzes the relationship between English and Chinese idioms. There are a large number of idioms in both English and Chinese. Compared with each other, there are many similarities and differences. The third part puts forward concrete translation methods for various types of idioms. Translation corresponds exactly to idioms, using literal translation is more appropriate, and borrowing rules apply to the translation of semi-corresponding idioms. For non-corresponding idioms, translators can choose more ways. In the process of translating, the translator should not only try his best to maintain the original features, but also meet the needs of target readers. Translators should use these methods flexibly according to different situations and contexts.