目的了解学生因病休退学原因及动态变化情况,为学生预防保健工作提供科学依据。方法采用现况调查的方法,对大连市2004—2013年10 a期间学生因病休退学情况进行监测。结果学生总因病休退学率为0.960‰。因“传染疾病”“精神疾病”“心血管病”“其他疾病”休退学的分别占24.70%,13.16%,8.59%,53.56%。不同学习阶段学生因病休退学率差异有统计学意义(χ2=1 298.41,P<0.00),以中学生为最高(1.463‰);因心血管病和传染疾病休退学率均以中学生最高;精神疾病休退学率随学习阶段的升高而升高,普通高校最高(χ2值分别为290.17,163.28,333.59,P值均<0.01)。城乡之间休退学率比较差异有统计学意义(χ2=19.93,P<0.00),心血管病城市高于农村,传染疾病、精神疾病均为农村高于城市。结论大连市学校应将传染疾病作为防控重点,尤其是农村中学,心血管病是城市学生防控重点,精神疾病是普通高校的防控重点。 Objective To understand the reason and the dynamic changes of students who dropped out of school due to sickness and provide a scientific basis for students’ preventive health care. Methods Based on the investigation of the current situation, the situation of students dropping out of school during the period of 10 years from 2004 to 2013 in Dalian was monitored. Results The total student drop-out rate was 0.960 ‰. Because of “infectious diseases ” “mental illness ” “cardiovascular disease ” “other diseases ” leave school accounted for 24.70%, 13.16%, 8.59%, 53.56%. There was a significant difference in the rate of drop-out from school due to illness (χ2 = 1 298.41, P <0.00), and the highest among middle school students (1.463 ‰). The rate of drop-out from cardiovascular disease and contagious disease was the highest among middle school students. Mental illness The drop-out rate increased with the increase of learning stage, the highest in colleges and universities (χ2 = 290.17, 163.28, 333.59, P <0.01 respectively). There was a statistically significant difference between students in rural and urban areas (χ2 = 19.93, P <0.00). The prevalence of cardiovascular disease in urban areas was higher than that in rural areas. Infectious diseases and mental diseases were higher in rural areas than in urban areas. Conclusion Dalian schools should focus on prevention and control of communicable diseases, especially in rural middle schools. Cardiovascular diseases are the focus of prevention and control for urban students. Mental illness is the focus of prevention and control in colleges and universities.