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目的探讨四川省成都地区发热呼吸道住院患者人鼻病毒(HRV)感染的分子流行病学特征,为本地人鼻病毒感染的防控积累资料。方法于2014-2016年采集成人发热呼吸道症候群住院患者痰液1 040份,提取标本核酸,利用逆转录聚合酶链式反应(RT-PCR)以及巢式PCR(Nested-PCR)扩增HRV-5’NCR基因,筛查HRV阳性标本,随机选取61份阳性标本扩增VP4/VP2基因,测定核酸序列并进行同源性比对和分型。结果 1 040例标本核酸检出率为10.9%;冬春季检出率高,随年龄升高检出率呈上升趋势;获得的61条VP4/VP2序列中,30条为HRV-A型,10条为HRV-B型,21条为HRV-C型;并发现HRV基因型内和型间核酸同源性差异均较大。结论成都地区成人发热呼吸道症候群住院患者HRV的感染率高,以A型与C型流行为主,病毒VP4/VP2核酸片段变异较大。
Objective To investigate the molecular epidemiological characteristics of human rhinovirus (HRV) inpatients with pyretic respiratory tract infection in Chengdu, Sichuan province, and to provide evidence for the prevention and control of rhinovirus infection in local populations. Methods A total of 1 040 sputum samples of adult patients with respiratory syndrome were collected during 2014-2016. Nucleic acid was extracted from the samples and HRV-5 was amplified by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and nested PCR ’NCR gene screening HRV positive specimens were randomly selected 61 positive specimens amplified VP4 / VP2 gene, nucleic acid sequence determination and homology alignment and typing. Results The detection rate of 1 040 samples was 10.9%, the detection rate was high in winter and spring, and the detection rate increased with the increase of age. Of the 61 VP4 / VP2 sequences obtained, 30 were HRV-A, 10 The bands were HRV-B and the 21 bands were HRV-C. The differences in homology between the two genotypes were found. Conclusions Inpatients with pyrexia syndrome in Chengdu have a high infection rate of HRV. The prevalence of type A and C genotypes is high, and the variation of viral VP4 / VP2 nucleic acid fragments is large.