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目的了解广州新塘地区手足口病(hand foot and mouth disease,HFMD)患者肠道病毒71型(entero virus 71,EV71)感染情况,为临床诊治防控提供参考。方法对2013年5月—2014年1月儿科及皮肤科就诊临床诊断为HFMD的780例患者采集咽试子标本,采用逆转录-聚合酶链反应(reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction,RT-PCR)方法进行EV71基因检测。计数资料采用χ2检验分析,P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果共检测HFMD患者EV71标本780例,阳性率为11.79%,其中男性患者477例,阳性率12.16%,女性患者303例,阳性率11.22%,男性与女性的感染率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);三个年龄段患者即1岁以下、1~5岁、5岁以上的阳性率分别为12.50%、11.87%、9.62%,三个年龄段患者感染率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论临床需重视对HFMD患者进行EV71检测,避免误诊漏诊。RT-PCR检测HFMD患者EV71具有简便、灵敏度高、快捷等优点,能满足病毒流行期间及时处理大量样本的需要,帮助临床进行快速早期诊断,具有良好的应用推广前景。
Objective To investigate the infection of enterovirus 71 (EV71) in patients with hand foot and mouth disease (HFMD) in Guangzhou Xintang area, and to provide reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment. Methods A total of 780 patients with clinically diagnosed HFMD in pediatrics and dermatology from May 2013 to January 2014 were enrolled in this study. The pharyngeal specimens were collected and analyzed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) Methods EV71 gene detection. Counting data using χ2 test analysis, P <0.05 for the difference was statistically significant. Results A total of 780 EV71 specimens were detected in HFMD patients, the positive rate was 11.79%, of which 477 were male, the positive rate was 12.16% and the female was 303, the positive rate was 11.22%. There was no significant difference in the infection rate between male and female (P> 0.05). The positive rates of patients under 1 year old, 1 ~ 5 years old and over 5 years old in three age groups were 12.50%, 11.87% and 9.62% respectively. There was no statistical difference in the infection rates among the three age groups Significance (P> 0.05). Conclusion The clinical need to pay attention to the EV71 detection of HFMD patients to avoid misdiagnosis. The detection of EV71 in HFMD patients by RT-PCR is simple, sensitive, fast and so on. It can meet the need of handling a large number of samples in time when the virus is circulating, and help clinical rapid early diagnosis. It has a good prospect of application and promotion.