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目的评估航天器太阳电池阵遭遇微米级空间碎片撞击后性能的下降程度。方法利用激光驱动飞片发射系统针对硅太阳电池开展系统的试验工作,对太阳电池机械损伤特性及伏安特性进行测试。利用ORDEM2000软件计算航天器所在轨道的碎片通量和速度。结合试验结果,计算航天器太阳电池阵因微米级空间碎片撞击引起的最大输出功率衰减率。结果太阳电池最大输出功率衰减率与溅射区直径呈二次函数关系,与表面污染率近似相等。未来5年天宫一号所在轨道航天器太阳电池因微米级空间碎片撞击引起的最大输出功率衰减率为0.45%。结论利用该研究结果可以预计航天器太阳电池因微米级空间碎片撞击引起的最大输出功率衰减率,为航天器总体设计提供技术支持。
Purpose To assess the extent to which a spacecraft solar array encounters a drop in performance after a micrometer-scale space impact. Methods Laser-driven flyer launch system for silicon solar cells to carry out systematic testing work on the mechanical damage characteristics of solar cells and volt-ampere characteristics of the test. Use ORDEM2000 software to calculate the debris flux and speed of the spacecraft’s orbit. Combined with the experimental results, the maximum output power decay rate of spacecraft solar array due to impact of micro-scale space debris was calculated. Results The maximum output power decay rate of solar cells was a quadratic function relationship with the diameter of the sputtering zone, which was approximately equal to the surface contamination rate. In the next 5 years, the decay rate of the maximum output power caused by spacecraft solar cell orbit due to micrometer-level space debris is 0.45%. Conclusion The results of this study can be used to predict the maximum output power decay rate of spacecraft solar cells due to impact from micro-level space debris and provide technical support for the overall spacecraft design.