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一、不定式作主语
不定式作主语时谓语常用单数形式，若不定式太长，常用it代替，将不定式后置，it成为形式主语。
To say is one thing; to do is another.
What time would it be convenient for you to come again?
It was selfish of him not to contribute anything.
二、不定式作宾语
1.只能接不定式的动词有：ask, demand, plan, mean, manage, learn, wish, hope, expect, agree, promise, decide, choose, pretend, refuse, would like, afford等。
I happen to know the answer to your question. 我恰好知道你的问题的答案。
The driver failed to see the other car in time. 司机没及时看到另外一辆车。
2. 既可以接动名词又可以用不定式作宾语，但意思有很大区别的动词有： remember，forger，stop，try，regret，mean，go on，be used，can’t help。
三、不定式作宾语补足语
1. 动词+宾语+不定式。动词如advice, allow, ask, beg, encourage, expect, forbid, force, order, prefer, require, warn, call on, persuade, want, tell等。
The students are not allow to speak freely in class. 学生不允许在课堂上自由发言。
He warned us not to touch the electricity wire. 他警告我们不要动那根电线。
2.不定式作宾语补足语时位于使役动词（let, have, make）感官动词(see, notice, watch)后时，常省略to，但是当宾补变为主语补足语时，不定式符号to必须加上。
I heard her sing an English song just now. 我刚刚听到她唱了一首英文歌。
The boss made them work the whole night. 老板让他们整夜工作。
3. 动词+疑问词+不定式。动词如：decide, consider, forget, show, teach, think, remember, find out, wonder。
Please show us how to do it. 请告诉我们怎么做。
There are so many kinds of tape recorders on sale that I can’t make up my mind which to buy. 有这么多录音机卖，我都不知道买哪一个好。
四、不定式作表语
不定式作表语常用来表示预定要发生的动作或表示未来的可能性或假设。当主语部分含有do时，作表语的不定式可以省略。
My work is to clean the room every day. 我的工作是每天清洁房间。
What I want to do is have a good rest. 我想要的是好好休息一下。
五、不定式作状语
1. 表目的：作目的状语的不定式前，常加上in order, so as， 但so as不能位于句首。
To complete the project as planned, we’ll have to work two more hours a day. 为了按计划完成这个方案，我们每天得多工作两小时。
He ran so fast as to catch the first bus. 他跑得飞快以赶上第一班车。
2. 表结果
He hurried to the booking office only to be told that all the tickets had been sold out. 他赶到售票处，却被告知所有的票都已经卖完了。
The grapes were too high for the fox to reach. 葡萄太高，狐狸够不着。
The boy worked so hard as to pass the entrance examination, which made his parents happy.
注意：不定式常与only 连用，暗示结果出乎意料。
I hurried to the post office, only to find it closed. 我急忙赶到邮局，结果发现邮局关门了。
3. 表原因状语
He smiled to think of his clever plan.
He was angry to be left alone.
六、不定式作定语
1. 作定语的不定式如果是不及物动词，或者不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点、工具等，不定式后面须有相应的介词。
Pass me a piece of paper to write on. 给我一张写字的纸。
When they first came to the city, they had no house to live in. 刚到这个城市的时候，他们没有住的地方。
2. 当作定语的不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式代词的承受着时，不定式既可以用主动语态，也可以用被动语态，但其含义有所不同。
Have you anything to send? (不定式的动作执行者是主语you)
Have you anything to be sent? (不定式的动作执行者不是主语you, 而是“我”，或是“别人”)
—I am going to BeiJing. Do you have anything to be taken to your aunt? 我打算去北京，你要不要给你姑姑捎些东西？
—Thanks, I had some taken last year. 谢谢，上周我已让人捎去了些。
3. 不定式作定语表将来的意义。
The question to be discussed at tomorrow’s meeting is a very important one. 将要在明天的会议上讨论的是一个重要的问题。
4. 不定式常用来修饰被序数词，最高级或no, all, any等限定的中心词。
I was the last one to come to the meeting.
Women and children were the first to get into the life boats.
练习
1. 我不想被听起来是在说人坏话，但经理的计划是不公平的。
I don’t want_______________like I’m speaking ill of anybody, but the manager’s plan is unfair. (sound)
2. 很遗憾地告诉你我们没法参加晚上的派对了。
We_______________that we won’t be able to attend the evening party. (regret)
3. Mike期望被邀请去参加晚餐，结果没有。
Mike expected_______________ the dinner, but he was not. (invite)
4. 最重要的装修小贴士之一就是避免购买太多家具塞满整个空间。
One of the most important tips for decoration is_______________too much furniture and filling up all the empty space. ( avoid)
5. 有很多家务要做她急忙赶回家。
_______________， she hurried home. (with)
6. 我们让动物适应了它的新环境。
We made the animal_______________ its new environment. (adapt to)
7. 比起散步，他宁愿待在家里。
Rather than go for a walk, he_______________. （prefer）
8. 记者们赶到机场，却被告之电影明星已经离开了。
The news reporters hurried to the airport, only_______________the film star had left. (tell)
9. 这本书据说已经被翻译成了很多种语言。
The book is said_______________into many languages. (translate)
10. 如今我想做的只是尽力说服他戒烟。
Nowadays all I want to do is _______________. （persuade）
参考答案
1. to sound
2. regret to tell
3. to be invited to
4. to avoid buying
5. with a lot of housework to do
6. adapt to
7. prefers to stay at home
8. to be told
9. to have been translated
10. try to persuade him to give up smoking/ try to persuade him into giving up smoking
不定式作主语时谓语常用单数形式，若不定式太长，常用it代替，将不定式后置，it成为形式主语。
To say is one thing; to do is another.
What time would it be convenient for you to come again?
It was selfish of him not to contribute anything.
二、不定式作宾语
1.只能接不定式的动词有：ask, demand, plan, mean, manage, learn, wish, hope, expect, agree, promise, decide, choose, pretend, refuse, would like, afford等。
I happen to know the answer to your question. 我恰好知道你的问题的答案。
The driver failed to see the other car in time. 司机没及时看到另外一辆车。
2. 既可以接动名词又可以用不定式作宾语，但意思有很大区别的动词有： remember，forger，stop，try，regret，mean，go on，be used，can’t help。
三、不定式作宾语补足语
1. 动词+宾语+不定式。动词如advice, allow, ask, beg, encourage, expect, forbid, force, order, prefer, require, warn, call on, persuade, want, tell等。
The students are not allow to speak freely in class. 学生不允许在课堂上自由发言。
He warned us not to touch the electricity wire. 他警告我们不要动那根电线。
2.不定式作宾语补足语时位于使役动词（let, have, make）感官动词(see, notice, watch)后时，常省略to，但是当宾补变为主语补足语时，不定式符号to必须加上。
I heard her sing an English song just now. 我刚刚听到她唱了一首英文歌。
The boss made them work the whole night. 老板让他们整夜工作。
3. 动词+疑问词+不定式。动词如：decide, consider, forget, show, teach, think, remember, find out, wonder。
Please show us how to do it. 请告诉我们怎么做。
There are so many kinds of tape recorders on sale that I can’t make up my mind which to buy. 有这么多录音机卖，我都不知道买哪一个好。
四、不定式作表语
不定式作表语常用来表示预定要发生的动作或表示未来的可能性或假设。当主语部分含有do时，作表语的不定式可以省略。
My work is to clean the room every day. 我的工作是每天清洁房间。
What I want to do is have a good rest. 我想要的是好好休息一下。
五、不定式作状语
1. 表目的：作目的状语的不定式前，常加上in order, so as， 但so as不能位于句首。
To complete the project as planned, we’ll have to work two more hours a day. 为了按计划完成这个方案，我们每天得多工作两小时。
He ran so fast as to catch the first bus. 他跑得飞快以赶上第一班车。
2. 表结果
He hurried to the booking office only to be told that all the tickets had been sold out. 他赶到售票处，却被告知所有的票都已经卖完了。
The grapes were too high for the fox to reach. 葡萄太高，狐狸够不着。
The boy worked so hard as to pass the entrance examination, which made his parents happy.
注意：不定式常与only 连用，暗示结果出乎意料。
I hurried to the post office, only to find it closed. 我急忙赶到邮局，结果发现邮局关门了。
3. 表原因状语
He smiled to think of his clever plan.
He was angry to be left alone.
六、不定式作定语
1. 作定语的不定式如果是不及物动词，或者不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点、工具等，不定式后面须有相应的介词。
Pass me a piece of paper to write on. 给我一张写字的纸。
When they first came to the city, they had no house to live in. 刚到这个城市的时候，他们没有住的地方。
2. 当作定语的不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式代词的承受着时，不定式既可以用主动语态，也可以用被动语态，但其含义有所不同。
Have you anything to send? (不定式的动作执行者是主语you)
Have you anything to be sent? (不定式的动作执行者不是主语you, 而是“我”，或是“别人”)
—I am going to BeiJing. Do you have anything to be taken to your aunt? 我打算去北京，你要不要给你姑姑捎些东西？
—Thanks, I had some taken last year. 谢谢，上周我已让人捎去了些。
3. 不定式作定语表将来的意义。
The question to be discussed at tomorrow’s meeting is a very important one. 将要在明天的会议上讨论的是一个重要的问题。
4. 不定式常用来修饰被序数词，最高级或no, all, any等限定的中心词。
I was the last one to come to the meeting.
Women and children were the first to get into the life boats.
练习
1. 我不想被听起来是在说人坏话，但经理的计划是不公平的。
I don’t want_______________like I’m speaking ill of anybody, but the manager’s plan is unfair. (sound)
2. 很遗憾地告诉你我们没法参加晚上的派对了。
We_______________that we won’t be able to attend the evening party. (regret)
3. Mike期望被邀请去参加晚餐，结果没有。
Mike expected_______________ the dinner, but he was not. (invite)
4. 最重要的装修小贴士之一就是避免购买太多家具塞满整个空间。
One of the most important tips for decoration is_______________too much furniture and filling up all the empty space. ( avoid)
5. 有很多家务要做她急忙赶回家。
_______________， she hurried home. (with)
6. 我们让动物适应了它的新环境。
We made the animal_______________ its new environment. (adapt to)
7. 比起散步，他宁愿待在家里。
Rather than go for a walk, he_______________. （prefer）
8. 记者们赶到机场，却被告之电影明星已经离开了。
The news reporters hurried to the airport, only_______________the film star had left. (tell)
9. 这本书据说已经被翻译成了很多种语言。
The book is said_______________into many languages. (translate)
10. 如今我想做的只是尽力说服他戒烟。
Nowadays all I want to do is _______________. （persuade）
参考答案
1. to sound
2. regret to tell
3. to be invited to
4. to avoid buying
5. with a lot of housework to do
6. adapt to
7. prefers to stay at home
8. to be told
9. to have been translated
10. try to persuade him to give up smoking/ try to persuade him into giving up smoking