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目的了解饮食因素对绝经期妇女骨质疏松的影响,为指导绝经期妇女通过合理饮食预防骨质疏松的发生提供参考依据。方法采用两阶段抽样方法对在黑龙江省哈尔滨市电力小区随机抽取的281名绝经期妇女进行问卷调查和骨密度测量。结果调查的281名绝经期妇女中,检出骨质疏松患者115例,骨质疏松检出率为40.9%;其中50岁～、56岁～和61～65岁分别检出骨质疏松患者40,47和28例,骨质疏松检出率分别为31.5%,43.1%和62.2%;多因素非条件Logistic回归分析结果表明,食用粗粮≥100 g/d和饮用可乐是绝经期妇女骨质疏松的危险因素;食用五花肉、食用瓜类蔬菜≥75 g/d和食用芥兰类蔬菜≥10 g/d是绝经期妇女骨质疏松的保护因素。结论多吃瓜类和芥兰类蔬菜、不饮用可乐、适量摄入粗粮和五花肉可以预防绝经期妇女骨质疏松的发生。
Objective To understand the effect of dietary factors on osteoporosis in postmenopausal women and to provide reference for the prevention of osteoporosis in menopausal women through rational diet. Methods A total of 281 menopausal women randomly selected from the power community in Harbin City, Heilongjiang Province were surveyed by questionnaire and bone mineral density using a two-stage sampling method. Results Of the 281 menopausal women surveyed, 115 cases of osteoporosis were detected and the detection rate of osteoporosis was 40.9%. Among them, the age of 50, 56, and 61-65 were detected in patients with osteoporosis , 47 and 28 cases respectively. The detection rates of osteoporosis were 31.5%, 43.1% and 62.2% respectively. Multivariate non-conditional Logistic regression analysis showed that consumption of coarse grains ≥ 100 g / d and drinking cola were the main causes of osteoporosis Of the risk factors; consumption of pork, edible melons vegetables ≥ 75 g / d and edible kale vegetables ≥ 10 g / d is a protective factor of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. Conclusion Eat more melons and kale vegetables, do not drink cola, moderate intake of coarse grains and pork can prevent the occurrence of osteoporosis in menopausal women.