目的：探讨乙型肝炎（ 乙肝） 病毒携带孕妇胎儿宫内感染率和乳汁中乙肝病毒（ Ｈ Ｂ Ｖ） 阳性率的相关性，分析研究乙肝血清学指标阳性产妇是否适于哺乳。方法：对５２ 例乙肝血清学指标阳性的产妇，应用酶联免疫吸附法和斑点杂交法分别检测脐血和初乳中的 Ｈ Ｂ Ｖ 标志物（ Ｈ Ｂ Ｖ Ｍ） 以及 Ｈ Ｂ Ｖ 脱氧核糖核酸（ Ｈ Ｂ Ｖ Ｄ Ｎ Ａ） ，并对比分析。结果：孕妇 Ｈ Ｂ Ｖ 阳性与相应的脐血和初乳中的 Ｈ Ｂ Ｖ Ｍ 阳性率以及 Ｈ Ｂ Ｖ Ｄ Ｎ Ａ 的检出率呈高度的一致性（ Ｐ ＞ ００５） 。５２ 例 Ｈ Ｂ Ｖ Ｍ 阳性的孕妇中，脐血和初乳中 Ｈ Ｂ Ｖ Ｄ Ｎ Ａ 的检出率均以乙肝表面抗原（ Ｈ Ｂｓ Ａｇ） 、乙肝ｅ 抗原（ Ｈ Ｂｅ Ａｇ） 及乙肝核心抗体（ Ａｎｔｉ Ｈ Ｂｃ）３ 项阳性者最高（８５７１ ％ 和９２８６ ％ ） ， Ｈ Ｂｓ Ａｇ 、 Ｈ Ｂｅ Ａｇ 双项阳性者次之（８０ ％ ） ， Ｈ Ｂｓ Ａｇ 单项阳性者最低（２０ ％ ） 。结论： Ｈ Ｂ Ｖ 宫内传播以及初乳排毒率与母亲的 Ｈ Ｂｓ Ａｇ 和 Ｈ Ｂｅ Ａｇ 状态密切相关。直接检测初乳中 Ｈ Ｂ Ｖ Ｄ Ｎ Ａ 为指导哺乳的最可靠方法。血中 Ｈ Ｂｓ Ａｇ 、 Ｈ Ｂｅ Ａｇ 和 Ａｎｔｉ Ｈ Ｂｃ３ 项阳性以及 Ｈ Ｂｓ Objective: To investigate the correlation between the intrauterine infection rate of hepatitis B virus (HBV) -related pregnant women and the positive rate of hepatitis B virus (H B V) in milk, and to analyze whether the HBs seropositive pregnant women are suitable for lactation. Methods: In 52 maternal HBV seropositive women, Hb V markers (H B V M) and H B V DNA in umbilical cord blood and colostrum were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and dot blot hybridization (H B V D N A), and comparative analysis. Results: The positive rate of H B V in pregnant women was positively correlated with the positive rate of H B V M in cord blood and colostrum and the detection rate of H B V D N A (P> 0.05). In 52 cases of H B V M-positive pregnant women, the detection rates of H B V D N A in cord blood and colostrum were all detected by H Bs Ag, H Be Ag and hepatitis B core antibody (Anti  H Bc) were the highest (8571% and 9286%), the second was H Bs Ag and H Be Ag (80%), the lowest was H  Bs Ag %). CONCLUSIONS: Intrauterine transmission of H B V and detoxification of colostrum are closely related to the H Bs Ag and H Be Ag status of the mother. Direct detection of colostrum H B V D N A is the most reliable method of breastfeeding. Blood H Bs Ag, H Be Ag and Anti-H Bc3 positive and H Bs