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Objective To investigate the molecular mechanism of atherosclerosis that related to age.Methods Immunohistochemistry staining and Western blot were adopted to determine the nuclear translocation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-Κb) and expression of platelet-derived growth factor B (PDGF-B) in smooth muscle cells (SMCs) co-cultured with low density lipoprotein (LDL), oxidized LDL (ox-LDL), and ox-LDL+high density lipoprotein (HDL) originated from rats of 2 and 10 months old respectively. Fat stain was used to identify the lipid intake in SMCs.Results The optimal stimulation time ofox-LDL to SMCs was 12 hours. NF-Κb intensity increased in most nuclei of SMCs that originated from rats of either 2 or 10 months old co-cultured with ox-LDL. The intensity of NF-Κb and the amount of intracellular lipid taken in SMCs were more obvious in cells from 10-month-old rats than from the younger ones.Change of PDGF-B expression in SMCs was not remarkable in each group of rats.Conclusions The 10-month-old rats are more susceptive to ox-LDL than 2-month-old rats in activating nuclear translocation of NF-Κb. Maybe this is one of the important reasons contributing to the difference between the older and younger rats on the initiation and development of atherosclerosis lesion. Expression of PDGF-B is not associated with the activity of nuclear translocation of NF-Κb.