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1 目前的模式、问题及原因 自Safar教授1958年创建ICU至今,在综合性医院建立ICU尚无统一的模式。国内现在的ICU模式主要有;①面向整个医院的综合性ICU(GICU);②针对手术科室的外科ICU(SICU)与针对非手术科室的内科ICU(MICU);③针对某一专科或疾病的专科ICU。在隶属关系上,除专科ICU较明确外,其他模式ICU则多种多样:或自成一独立科室,有固定编制医护人员;或隶属于麻醉科、外科或内科等某一科室,由相关科室组织医师护士定期轮转;或只配备护士而无固定医师负责。
1 Current Patterns, Problems, and Causes Since Professor Safar founded the ICU in 1958, there has been no unified model for establishing ICUs in general hospitals. The current domestic ICU models mainly include: 1 Comprehensive ICU (GICU) for the entire hospital; 2 Surgical ICU (SICU) for the surgical department and ICU (MICU) for the non-surgical department; 3 For a specialty or disease Specialist ICU. In terms of affiliation, in addition to the specific ICU is more specific, the other modes of ICU are varied: either form an independent department, have a fixed preparation of medical personnel; or belong to a department of anesthesiology, surgery or internal medicine, and related departments Organize regular rotations of doctors and nurses; or only nurses and no fixed physicians.