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目的制备缓释定向释放型IgY微胶囊,并评价其效果。方法采用喷雾干燥法,以明胶、海藻酸钠为微胶囊壁材,制备抗仔猪病原性腹泻IgY微胶囊。以IgY的活性、包封率、体外释放性能及稳定性为评价指标,通过单因素分析和L_9(3_4)正交试验,分别从成囊材料的配比对微胶囊性能的影响、制备微胶囊成囊乳化液的稳定性影响因素以及喷雾干燥条件3方面对IgY微胶囊制备条件进行优化,并评价微胶囊的IgY活性、包封率、在人工胃液(simulated gastric fluid,SGF)和人工肠液(simulated intestinal fluid,SIF)中的缓释效果及稳定性。结果筛选出的制备微胶囊的最佳工艺条件为:明胶浓度4%、海藻酸钠浓度0.75%,按IgY与明胶-海藻酸钠质量比为3∶4加入IgY,乳化后按进风温度170℃,进料速度10 ml/min,干燥时间10 s,出口温度70℃进行喷雾干燥。在此工艺条件下制备的IgY微胶囊包封率为77.4%,活性保持在85%以上;在SGF中2 h释放率为8.6%,在SIF中4 h释放率为81.2%;90℃加热30 s仍可保持50%以上的活性,常温(25~30℃)放置10个月活性仍保持在90%以上,4℃保存10个月活性仅下降5%。结论本工艺制备的明胶-海藻酸钠IgY微胶囊具有生物活性高,稳定性强的特点,且对特异性IgY具有缓释和靶向作用。
Objective To prepare sustained-release oriented-release IgY microcapsules and evaluate its effect. Methods Spray drying was used to prepare IgY microcapsules against piglet pathogenic diarrhea with gelatin and sodium alginate as microcapsule wall materials. The IgY activity, encapsulation efficiency, in vitro release performance and stability were evaluated. The effects of the ratio of encapsulated material on the properties of microcapsules were studied by single factor analysis and L_9 (3_4) orthogonal test. The stability of the encapsulated emulsion and the conditions of the spray drying were optimized. The preparation conditions of the IgY microcapsules were optimized and the IgY activity and entrapment efficiency of the microcapsules were evaluated. In the simulated gastric fluid (SGF) and artificial intestinal juice simulated intestinal fluid (SIF) in the sustained release effect and stability. Results The optimum conditions for the preparation of microcapsules were: gelatin concentration 4%, sodium alginate 0.75%, according to IgY and gelatin - sodium alginate mass ratio of 3: 4 added IgY, emulsified by the inlet air temperature 170 ℃, feed rate 10 ml / min, drying time 10 s, outlet temperature 70 ℃ for spray drying. The encapsulation efficiency of IgY microcapsules prepared in this condition was 77.4%, the activity was maintained above 85%, the release rate in 2 h in SGF was 8.6%, the release rate in SIF for 4 h was 81.2% s still retains more than 50% of its activity. After 10 months of storage at room temperature (25-30 ° C), the activity remained above 90%, and the activity decreased only 5% after 10 months of storage at 4 ° C. Conclusion The gelatin-sodium alginate IgY microcapsule prepared by this process has the characteristics of high biological activity and strong stability, and it has the property of slow release and targeting to specific IgY.