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为保证国家的粮食安全、实现耕地质量数量质量的并重管理,促进耕地质量的有效保护,需对耕地质量进行及时的监测与评价。本文系统研究了基于农用地分等成果和耕地监测样点数据的耕地等级变化及其影响因素的方法体系,并以云南省陆良县为例,进行了县域耕地等级变化规律及其影响因素的实证研究。结果表明:1研究期内,陆良县耕地等级有所提升,其中自然质量等由原分等10等提升为9等,利用等与经济等均由原分等9等提升为7等;2陆良县耕地等级结构变化显著,自然质量等由原分等9~11等提升为8~10等,利用等由原分等6~11等提升为4~9等,经济等由原分等6~11等提升为3~9等,高等级耕地所占比重有所上升;3陆良耕地等级变化主要受自然因素与人为因素影响。耕地等级各评价指标均有所改善,耕地本底条件有所提升;占毁调退的耕地等级以中等为主、土地开发复垦部分的耕地等级以中高等为主、保持不变部分的耕地等级有从低等向高等转化的趋势,土地利用水平、土地经济水平有了显著提高。本研究为推进耕地等级动态监测工作的开展提供了途径和方法,可为陆良县耕地质量提升及保护提供决策依据。
In order to ensure the food security of the country, realize the equal management of the quantity and quality of cultivated land and promote the effective protection of the quality of cultivated land, the quality of the cultivated land needs to be monitored and evaluated in a timely manner. This paper systematically studied the method system of cultivated land level change and its influencing factors based on the results of agricultural land grading and cultivated land monitoring sample data. Taking Luliang County of Yunnan Province as an example, this paper carried out the law of farmland grade change and its influencing factors Empirical Research. The results showed that: 1 During the study period, the cultivated land level in Luliang County increased, among which the quality of natural products was increased from 10 to 9, such as from the original ones. Cultivated land level structure of Luliang County changed significantly, and the quality of natural products was improved from 9 to 11 to 8 to 10, such as from the original grades. The utilization of raw materials was improved from 6 to 11 to 4 to 9, From 6 to 11 to 3 to 9, etc. The proportion of high-grade cultivated land increased; 3 The change of cultivated land level in Luliang was mainly affected by natural and man-made factors. The evaluation indexes of cultivated land level all improved, and the background conditions of cultivated land improved; the cultivated land level that was destroyed and retreated was medium, the cultivated land level of land reclamation and reclamation was medium and high, while the cultivated land remained unchanged The rank has the tendency to transform from lower to higher level, and the level of land utilization and land economy have been significantly raised. This study provides ways and means to promote the dynamic monitoring of cultivated land gradation, which can provide decision-making basis for the quality improvement and protection of cultivated land in Luliang County.