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目的了解保定市2009—2012年手足病(HFMD)病原学变化,为HFMD防控提供实验室依据。方法采用荧光定量RT-PCR方法对HFMD病例咽拭子标本进行肠道病毒通用型、EV71型以及CoxA16型核酸检测,应用Excel和SPSS 11.5对结果进行统计分析。结果 2 577例临床诊断HFMD病例中,检出肠道病毒阳性病例1 140例,其中EV71阳性构成比为52.37%,CoxA16阳性构成比为25.88%,其他肠道病毒阳性构成比为21.75%。2009—2011年病原以EV71为主,2012年EV71和CoxA16构成比相当,同时成为主要病原。全年均有阳性病例检出,4—8月为其高峰,阳性病例集中于5岁以下儿童,男性多于女性;但在病原构成上,女性EV71阳性构成比高于男性;CoxA16和其他肠道病毒阳性构成比无性别差异。结论 2009—2012年保定市HFMD主要病原是EV71和CoxA16,发病高峰在4—8月,5岁以下儿童为主要防护对象。
Objective To understand the etiopathogenisis of HFMD from 2009 to 2012 in Baoding city and to provide a laboratory basis for the prevention and control of HFMD. Methods Fluorescent quantitative RT-PCR method was used to detect the enterovirus universal type, EV71 type and CoxA16 type in throat swab specimens of HFMD cases. The results were statistically analyzed by Excel and SPSS 11.5. Results Of the 2 577 clinically diagnosed cases of HFMD, 1 140 cases of enterovirus positive were detected. The positive ratio of EV71 was 52.37%, the positive ratio of CoxA16 was 25.88%, and the positive ratio of other enteroviruses was 21.75%. In 2009-2011, the pathogen was mainly EV71. In 2012, the composition ratio of EV71 to CoxA16 was equivalent and became the main pathogen at the same time. The positive cases were detected in the whole year and peaked in April-August. The positive cases were concentrated in children under 5 years old, more men than women. However, in the constitution of pathogen, the positive ratio of EV71 in female was higher than that in male; CoxA16 and other intestines The positive composition of the virus is no sex difference. Conclusion The main pathogens of HFMD in Baoding City in 2009-2012 are EV71 and CoxA16. The peak incidence is from April to August. Children under 5 years of age are the main protective targets.