一、课题目的意义我国幅员辽阔,粮食生产受多种因素影响,经常出现不稳定的波动现象,如何及时准确地掌握定量数据,对国民经济计划的制定有很重要的意义。常规的农作物产量的测算主要依靠自下而上的统计报表,因而测算出的数据时效短,时滞长,尺度小和费用大,并且不可避免的带有人为的干扰因素。遥感技术的发展,为作物长势的宏观动态监测和作物的估产提供了一个新的科学手段。目前,我国作物的遥感估产试验主要利用气象卫星及地面观测数据进行,虽然以各地统计上报的产量为检验标准,达到了相当高的精度,但由于气象卫星空间分辨率低,我国耕作制度复杂,地块破碎、分散,农作物 First, the purpose of the project The significance of China’s vast territory, food production affected by many factors, often unstable fluctuations, how to grasp quantitative data in time and accurately, the formulation of the national economic plan is of great significance. The calculation of conventional crop yields mainly relies on bottom-up statistical reports, so the measured data are short-lived, long-time lag, small-scale and expensive, with unavoidable artifacts. The development of remote sensing technology provides a new scientific method for macro-dynamic monitoring of crop growth and crop yield estimation. At present, the experiment of remote sensing yield estimation of crops mainly uses meteorological satellites and ground observation data. Although the yield of statistical reports in various places is used as the test standard, the precision is very high. However, due to the low spatial resolution of meteorological satellites, Plots broken, scattered, crops