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目的探讨高压氧、山莨菪碱和地塞米松对高原冲击伤的治疗作用。方法 SD大鼠清醒状态下置于高原冲击伤实验平台内,减压至海拔3500m维持6h,然后用BST-Ⅰ型生物激波管致伤,冲击波超压峰值为(343.5±4.176)kPa,伤后按下述分组处理:A组为对照组,不给予任何处理,B、C、D为处理组,分别于伤后0.5h和3h给予高压氧(2个标准大气压)、山莨菪碱(1mg/kg)和地塞米松(1mg/kg)、高压氧与山莨菪碱和地塞米松联合应用处理。观察大鼠伤后6h的死亡率、动脉血气变化和肺形态学改变。结果 A、B、C、D组的死亡率分别为40.7%、17.4%、24.0%和14.3%,D组与A组比较差异显著(P<0.05);PaO2分别平均为(65.250±11.311)、(82.286±5.908)、(72.625±11.783)和(85.125±7.322)mmHg,B组、D组与A组比较P<0.01;SaO2分别平均为(90.5±4.840)%、(95.429±1.339)%、(93.625±2.925)%和(95.750±0.661)%,B组、D组与A组比较P<0.01,C组与A组比较P<0.05;肺出血和肺水肿程度,B组、D组与A组比较有所减轻,C组与A组比较有所加重。结论高压氧、山莨菪碱和地塞米松及高压氧与山莨菪碱和地塞米松联合应用对高原冲击伤大鼠的治疗有效,其中以高压氧与山莨菪碱和地塞米松联合应用效果更好。
Objective To investigate the therapeutic effects of hyperbaric oxygen, anisodamine and dexamethasone on the impact injury at high altitude. Methods SD rats were placed in the plateau impact injury test platform under awake condition, depressurized to 3500m altitude for 6h, and then injured by BST-Ⅰ biological shock tube. The peak value of shock wave overpressure was (343.5 ± 4.176) kPa, and injury The rats in group A were treated with no treatment and those in group B, C and D were treated with hyperbaric oxygen (2 standard atmospheres) at 0.5h and 3h after injury. Anisodamine (1mg / kg) and dexamethasone (1 mg / kg), hyperbaric oxygen combined with anisodamine and dexamethasone. The rats were killed 6h after injury, arterial blood gas changes and lung morphological changes. Results The mortality rates in groups A, B, C and D were 40.7%, 17.4%, 24.0% and 14.3%, respectively. There was significant difference between group D and group A (P <0.05); the average PaO2 was (65.250 ± 11.311) (82.286 ± 5.908), (72.625 ± 11.783) and (85.125 ± 7.322) mmHg respectively. The average value of SaO2 in group B and group D were (P <0.01) and (90.5 ± 4.840)% and (93.625 ± 2.925)% and (95.750 ± 0.661)% respectively in group B and group D, P <0.01 compared with group A, P <0.05 in group C and group A; The degree of pulmonary hemorrhage and pulmonary edema in group B, A group was somewhat reduced, C group and A group more aggravated. Conclusions Hyperbaric oxygen, anisodamine and dexamethasone and hyperbaric oxygen combined with anisodamine and dexamethasone are effective in treating rats with high altitude injury, and the combined effect of hyperbaric oxygen, anisodamine and dexamethasone is more effective it is good.