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小麦蓝矮病是陕西乃至西北冬麦麦区的一个重要病害,由介体条沙叶蝉专化性传播。对小麦蓝矮病株叶片和带毒条沙叶蝉进行超薄切片及电镜观察,在叶片韧皮部和叶蝉后肠中均观察到大量典型植原体。利用植原体16S rDNA基因保守序列通用引物对Rm16F2/Rm16R1,应用PCR技术从小麦蓝矮病株叶片中扩增到1.4 kb的特异片段。通过对16S rDNA基因片段序列同源性比较,结果表明小麦蓝矮病病原与三叶草绿变、翠菊黄化、绣球花绿变、草莓矮化和番茄巨芽植原体亲缘关系较近,其同源率为99.2%~99.9%。据此可以判定小麦蓝矮病植原体是属于植原体16SrⅠ组,确定了其分类地位。
Blue-dwarf wheat is an important disease of winter wheat in Shaanxi and even northwest China. Ultrathin sections and electron microscopy observations were performed on leaves of blue dwarf plants and leaf-knotted leafhoppers, and a large number of typical phytoplasmas were observed in the phloem and leafhopper hindgut. The specific fragment of 1.4 kb was amplified from the leaves of wheat blue dwarf virus by PCR using Rm16F2 / Rm16R1, a universal primer pair of 16S rDNA gene of phytoplasma. Comparison of 16S rDNA gene sequences showed that the pathogen of wheat blue dwarfism was closely related to clover green, aster yellow, hydrangea denticulata, strawberry dwarf and tomato giant buds phytoplasma, The source rate is 99.2% ~ 99.9%. Based on this, it can be concluded that the wheat blue dwarf phytoplasma belongs to 16SrⅠgroup of phytoplasma, and its taxonomic status was confirmed.