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认定大气污染环境侵权责任首先要确定污染行为与损害结果之间的因果关系,证明被告排出的污染物是否给大气造成污染、污染物质是否达到造成疾病的浓度、除了被告排出的污染物外,是否还有其他损害的原因。将无数污染源中的主要污染源遴选出来,明确污染路径,确定受害区域。被告为多数人的情况下,即便认定了具有因果关系,还需考虑该多数行为是单独行为还是共同侵权行为,如何确定被告各自应当承担的责任等。为了解决上述问题,日本出现了法院让原告承担比例责任的若干判决和“比例因果关系说”、“概率因果关系说”、“概率心证说”等相关学说。
To determine the liability of air pollution environmental tort must first determine the causal relationship between pollution behavior and damage results to prove whether the pollutants emitted by the defendant cause pollution to the atmosphere and whether the pollutants have reached the concentrations that cause the diseases except the pollutants discharged by the defendant There are other reasons for the damage. Will countless sources of pollution in the main source of pollution out, clear pollution path, determine the victim area. Where the defendant is a majority, even if it is determined that there is a causal link, it is necessary to consider whether the majority of the acts are solitary acts or joint infringements and how to determine the respective responsibilities of the defendants. In order to solve the above problems, some judgments appeared in Japan in which the plaintiffs should assume the proportional responsibility and the related theories such as “proportional causality theory”, “probability causation theory” and “probability heart theory theory”.