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目的总结头孢菌素致双硫仑样反应的特点与救治方法。方法对我科2007年9月至2010年9月期间救治的使用头孢菌素致双硫仑样反应58例临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果多数头孢菌素可致双硫仑样反应,但以头孢哌酮多见;反应多在饮酒前后24h内发生,但与饮酒种类、量及途经无显著关系;及时治疗症状多在3h内缓解。结论头孢菌素致双硫仑样反应起病急,应用地塞米松、纳洛酮、醒脑静等综合治疗症状缓解快,预后好。
Objective To summarize the characteristics and treatment of disulfiram-like reactions induced by cephalosporins. Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on 58 cases of cephalosporin-induced disulfiram-like reactions in our department from September 2007 to September 2010. Results Most cephalosporins induced disulfiram-like reaction, but cefoperazone was more common. Most of the reactions occurred within 24 hours before and after drinking, but there was no significant relationship with the type, amount and route of alcohol consumption. Symptoms promptly relieved within 3 hours . Conclusions The cephalosporin-induced disulfiram-like reaction is acute onset. Dexamethasone, naloxone, and xingnaojing are effective in relieving symptoms and have a good prognosis.