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[目的]运用Graf法对小儿髋关节进行超声检查并分类,针对不同类型小儿髋关节采取不同干预方式,评价干预效果,以避免过度治疗发生。[方法]2011年2~3月,对112名小儿双侧髋关节进行超声检查,112名小儿均未发现内外科疾患,其中男64名,女48名。采用Graf法检查并记录测量结果。对于60°>α角≥43°髋关节均进行不同程度的干预;43°>α角髋关节立即给予Pavlik吊带治疗并2周复查1次。4周后进行超声复查,记录测量结果并进行统计分析。[结果]新生儿期,α角及β角均呈正态分布。α角可信区间为(59.67±0.41)°,β角可信区间为(71.78±0.61)°。两组为负相关(r=-0.46,P<0.01)。针对α角<55°髋关节4周后进行复查,α角明显增大(P=0.00,t=-7.60),β角减小(P=0.00,t=4.10)。Ⅲ、Ⅳ型髋关节给予Pavlik吊带治疗后,髋关节病理状况明显改善。[结论]针对小儿髋关节超声检查结果采用不同程度的护理及治疗,可以阻止小儿髋臼异常发育,避免过度治疗。
[Objective] To use Graf method for ultrasound examination of children’s hip joint and classification, different intervention methods for different types of children’s hip joint, evaluate the intervention effect, in order to avoid over-treatment. [Methods] From February to March of 2011, 112 children with bilateral hip joint were examined by ultrasound. There was no internal and external disease in 112 children, including 64 males and 48 females. Graf method to check and record the measurement results. For the 60 °> α angle ≥ 43 ° hip joint intervention were carried out to varying degrees; 43 °> α angle hip immediately Pavlik sling treatment and 1 week review. 4 weeks after ultrasound review, record the measurement results and statistical analysis. [Results] During the neonatal period, α and β angles showed a normal distribution. The confidence interval of α angle was (59.67 ± 0.41) °, and the confidence interval of β angle was (71.78 ± 0.61) °. The two groups were negatively correlated (r = -0.46, P <0.01). The α angle was significantly increased (P = 0.00, t = -7.60) and the β angle was reduced (P = 0.00, t = 4.10) after 4 weeks of the α angle <55 °. Ⅲ, Ⅳ type of hip joint Pavlik sling treatment, the hip pathology improved significantly. [Conclusion] The results of pediatric hip ultrasound using different levels of care and treatment can prevent the abnormal development of pediatric acetabulum and avoid over-treatment.