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在大型水体下顶水采煤,一方面要确保煤矿井下安全生产,同时要保护地表水资源不被破坏。基于峰峰矿区小屯矿的地质采矿条件,在分析与评价上覆岩层结构的基础上,选取水体下11个计算特征点,探讨上覆岩层破坏高度、防水安全煤岩柱及安全煤岩柱最小富余尺寸,绘制各类等值线图。采用概率积分法,从下沉、倾斜、水平变形和裂缝深度等方面,研究分析顶水开采后水体底部所受的采动影响。结果表明,在特定的地质采矿条件下,各工作面开采以后,上覆岩层中导水裂隙带发育的最大标高与基岩顶部之间具有较厚的岩柱,导水裂隙带不会波及到地表水体,水体底部的地表移动变形较小,不会影响到矿井安全生产,在大型水体下顶水采煤是安全可行的。
Top water mining in large-scale water bodies, on the one hand to ensure safe production in coal mines, while protecting the surface water resources are not damaged. Based on the geological mining conditions of the Xiaotun mine in Fengfeng mining area, 11 calculated characteristic points under water body are selected based on the analysis and evaluation of overburden structure, and the failure height of overlying rock formation, waterproof and safe coal and rock pillar Minimum surplus size, drawing various types of contour map. Probability integral method is adopted to study and analyze the influence of mining on the bottom of water body after top water exploitation from aspects of sinking, inclination, horizontal deformation and crack depth. The results show that under the conditions of specific geology and mining, after the mining of each working face, the maximum elevation between the water-bearing fracture zone in the overlying strata and the top of the bedrock has thick pillars, and the strata of water-conducting fracture will not affect Surface water body, the bottom of the water movement of the surface deformation is small, will not affect the mine safety in the production of large-scale water top water is safe and feasible.