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在Weilheim州,Bavavia附近的德国中心地面站(Z—DBS)系利用甚高频遥测和遥控系统工作。该地面站利用单脉冲自跟踪分系统测量单程多卜勒数据和中等精度(～0.25°均方根值)的方向角(A、E)数据。而精密轨道跟踪是由带三部高增益转动定向天线的甚高频干涉仪来完成,其初始捕获和模糊分辨系利用已有系统的角信息数据进行。这种系统可跟踪大多数近地轨道卫星,即使在卫星通过时间所占百分比相当低时,也不需要全球测量网,这是因为此系统视角很宽且作用距离很远。此干涉仪正在建设中,并准备在73年底开始使用。本文简要介绍干涉仪的参数要求、系统概况和克服技术难点的方法。总的剩余方向误差予计不超过10″—15″,其中包括地面反射误差,而不包括大气传播的剩余误差。旁瓣抑制很好而且相位特性很稳定,具有导频的三通道接收系统使三天线间相位差的误差足够小,并消除了通过长电缆和接收机时的相位变化。电子计算机高度自动化地控制整个系统,并计算和平滑方向数据。
In the State of Weilheim, the German Center Ground Station (Z-DBS) near Bavavia uses VHF telemetry and remote control systems. The ground station measures single-path Doppler data and azimuth (A, E) data with medium accuracy (~ 0.25 ° root mean square) using a single pulse tracking subsystem. Precise orbit tracking is accomplished by a VHF interferometer with three high-gain rotating directional antennas. Initial acquisition and ambiguity resolution are performed using the angular information of the existing system. This system tracks most NEO satellites and does not require a global metrology network, even when the percentage of satellite passage time is relatively low, because the system is wide-ranging and far-ranging. This interferometer is under construction and ready to be used by the end of 73. This article briefly describes the interferometer parameters, system overview and methods to overcome technical difficulties. The total residual error is not expected to exceed 10 “-15”, including the ground reflection error, not including the residual error of the air propagation. The side lobe is well dampened and the phase characteristics are very stable. The three-channel receiving system with pilot makes the phase error of the three antennas small enough and eliminates the phase change over long cables and receivers. The computer controls the entire system highly automatically and computes and smoothes direction data.