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采用浸渍法制备了负载型固体碱K2CO3/ZrO2催化剂,并用X射线衍射(XRD)和扫描电镜(SEM)对其结构进行表征,研究了固体碱K2CO3/ZrO2催化水飞蓟籽油与甲醇酯交换反应制备生物柴油,考察了催化剂的制备条件和反应条件对甲酯收率的影响。在K2CO3负载量(质量分数)为20%、在500℃下焙烧6 h的K2CO3/ZrO2催化剂,当催化剂用量是水飞蓟籽油重量的8.0%、甲醇与水飞蓟籽油的摩尔比为12∶1、在65℃下反应90 min后,甲酯收率为82.6%。该工艺操作简单、产品易分离,为药厂水飞蓟副产品———水飞蓟籽油的利用提供了一条新途径。
The supported solid K2CO3 / ZrO2 catalyst was prepared by impregnation method. The structure of the catalyst was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The effects of solid base K2CO3 / ZrO2 on the transesterification of silymarin seed oil and methanol The biodiesel was prepared by the reaction. The effects of the preparation conditions of the catalyst and the reaction conditions on the yield of methyl ester were investigated. When K2CO3 loading (mass fraction) is 20% and K2CO3 / ZrO2 calcined at 500 ℃ for 6 h, when the amount of catalyst is 8.0% of the weight of silybin oil and the molar ratio of methanol to silymarin oil is 12: 1, and reacted at 65 ℃ for 90 min, the yield of methyl ester was 82.6%. The process is easy to operate and the product is easy to separate. It provides a new way for the utilization of silymarin byproduct --- milk thistle oil.