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为了探讨温度对叶用莴苣春化的影响,进而明确其春化类型,本试验选用两个易抽薹叶用莴苣品种GB-30和GB-31为试材,分别进行20 d的4、20和25℃处理,然后均进行高温胁迫促进抽薹,采用石蜡切片观察茎尖花芽分化进程,并结合后期抽薹开花情况来判断是否进行春化,并确定其春化类型.结果表明:两个品种在前期经过3种温度处理后,在高温胁迫第8天时均有不同程度的抽薹.两个品种不同温度处理下花芽均进行了分化,前期4℃处理并没有使其花芽分化明显提前,后期的高温胁迫可以明显促进花芽分化进程.两品种间在不同温度处理下完成各发育阶段所需天数存在差异,两品种各处理从催芽到开花以及从高温到开花的有效积温也存在差异.前期未经低温处理的叶用莴苣也进入花芽分化、抽薹、现蕾及开花阶段,表明叶用莴苣为非低温春化型植物,后期高温处理能明显促进其抽薹开花,而且从催芽开始只有有效积温达到约2500℃·d才能开花.
In order to study the effect of temperature on vernal vernalization of leaves and then to clarify its vernalization type, two varieties of GB-30 and GB- 25 ℃ treatment, and then were high-temperature stress to promote bolting, paraffin sections were observed stem shoot tip bud differentiation process, combined with the later bolting flowering to determine whether the vernalization and determine the vernalization type.The results showed that: two varieties in the early After three temperature treatments, there were different degrees of bolting on the 8th day under the high temperature stress.The flower buds were differentiated under the different temperature treatments of two cultivars, the pre-treatment at 4 ℃ did not make the flower bud differentiation significantly earlier and the late high temperature stress Can significantly promote the process of flower bud differentiation.Different temperature treatment between the two varieties to complete the various developmental stages of the number of days there is a difference between the two varieties of each treatment from germination to flowering and effective from high temperature to flowering temperature also exist differences.Previous without low temperature treatment Leaf lettuce also entered the flower bud differentiation, bolting, budding and flowering stage, indicating that leaves with lettuce non-vernal vernalization plants, post-high temperature treatment can significantly promote their pumping Saplings flowering, and from the beginning of germination only effective accumulated temperature reached about 2500 ℃ · d to flowering.