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目的了解河源市近年来实施脊髓灰质炎(简称脊灰)减毒活疫苗(OPV)常规免疫和补充免疫后人群中脊灰病毒抗体水平,评价免疫效果,为维持无脊灰状态提供科学依据。方法按照不同的经济发展水平随机抽取3个县,每个县随机抽取1家综合医院和2所乡镇卫生院/社区卫生服务中心作为监测点,在监测点的门诊患者中抽取0~49岁年龄组的患者作为监测对象,采集监测对象4 m L血液样本进行脊灰中和抗体检测。结果共抽取0~49岁监测对象300人,其I、Ⅱ、Ⅲ型脊灰中和抗体阳性率分别为97.00%、98.67%和96.00%,3个型别抗体阳性率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ型中和抗体几何平均滴度(GMT)分别为1∶106.64、1∶76.82和1∶38.14,各型抗体水平依次降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。不同年龄组人群的脊灰3个型别抗体阳性率比较,差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05);而各型中和抗体GMT均以0~1岁组最高,呈现随年龄增长而下降的趋势(均P<0.01)。结论河源市通过OPV常规免疫和补充免疫,人群脊灰中和抗体阳性率、GMT总体保持在较高水平,免疫效果良好,人群对脊灰已经形成免疫屏障。
Objective To understand the levels of poliovirus antibodies in routine poliovirus (OPV) poliovirus (OPV) live vaccine and post-immunization poliovirus in Heyuan City in recent years to evaluate the immune effect and provide a scientific basis for the maintenance of polio-free status. Methods Three counties were randomly selected according to different levels of economic development. One general hospital and two township health centers / community health service centers were randomly selected from each county as the monitoring points. Outpatients at the monitoring sites were drawn from 0 to 49 years of age Group of patients as the monitoring object, the monitoring object 4 ml blood samples collected for detection of poliovirus neutralization. Results A total of 300 subjects aged 0-49 years were recruited. The positive rates of type I, type II and type III neutralizing antibodies were 97.00%, 98.67% and 96.00%, respectively. There was no significant difference in the positive rates of the three types of antibodies ( (P> 0.05). The geometric mean titers of type I, II and III neutralizing antibodies were 1:106.64,1:76.82 and 1:38.14, respectively, and the levels of each antibody decreased in turn, with statistical significance (P < 0.01). There were no significant differences in the positive rates of the three types of antibodies against polio in different age groups (all P> 0.05), while the GMTs of each type of neutralizing antibody were the highest in 0-1 year old group, Decline trend (all P <0.01). Conclusion The routine immunization and supplementary immunization of OPV in Heyuan City, the population positive rate of poliovirus neutralization, GMT overall maintained at a high level, the immune effect is good, the population has formed an immune barrier to polio.