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人参(Panax Ginseng C.A.Mey)作为滋补珍品,已有几干年的药用历史。它具有“大补元气、固脱生津、安神益智”等作用。为了研究人参的化学成分,国内外学者做了大量工作,先后从人参根中分离得到13种皂甙、人参多糖等,并测定其化学结构。现代药理研究初步显示了人参强壮和抗衰老的作用原理。文献报道,人参对中枢神经、周围神经、心血管、造血、消化、免疫、内分泌、物质代谢、泌尿生殖等系统具有广泛作用。并能提高机体的适应性,增强机体的免疫功能。近年来,临床应用人参对冠心病、老年慢性支气管炎、糖尿病、肿瘤等老年性疾病的治疗,取得了一定进展。1967年人们发现2,3二磷酸甘油酸(2,3DPG)可降低血氧亲和力,对红细胞血红蛋白氧的释放起调节作用。向组织释放更多的氧,满足受损组织对氧的需要,这可能是人参补气的作用机理之一。
Ginseng (Panax Ginseng C.A. Mey) has been a medicinal history for several years as a nourishing treasure. It has the functions of “relief vitality, solid off fluid, tranquilization puzzle” and so on. In order to study the chemical composition of ginseng, domestic and foreign scholars have done a lot of work, and successively separated 13 kinds of saponins and ginseng polysaccharides from ginseng roots and determined their chemical structures. Modern pharmacological studies have initially demonstrated the principle of ginseng’s strength and anti-aging effects. The literature reports that ginseng has a wide range of effects on the central nervous system, peripheral nerves, cardiovascular, hematopoietic, digestive, immune, endocrine, material metabolism, urogenital and other systems. And can improve the body’s adaptability and enhance the body’s immune function. In recent years, clinical application of ginseng has achieved certain progress in the treatment of senile diseases such as coronary heart disease, chronic bronchitis, diabetes, and cancer. In 1967, it was found that 2,3 diphosphoglycerate (2,3 DPG) can reduce blood oxygen affinity and regulate the release of red blood cell hemoglobin oxygen. Release more oxygen to the tissue to meet the oxygen needs of the damaged tissue, which may be one of the mechanisms of ginseng qi.