背景:便秘尤其是脾虚运化无力所致的便秘运用一般的通便药常常难以奏效,健脾理气助运导滞可能是解决这一问题的理想途径。目的:观察经典名方枳术汤对脾虚便秘小鼠胃肠运动的影响。设计:随机对照实验。单位:广东医学院中医系及广州中医药大学脾胃研究所。材料:实验于2002-06/12在广州中医药大学脾胃研究所完成。选用普通级NIH小鼠328只。方法:以饥饱失常、过度疲劳配合禁水不禁食的方法进行脾虚便秘模型的复制,观察大、中、小3个剂量的枳术汤对脾虚便秘小鼠和正常小鼠的排便作用及肠推进功能的影响,以中药便秘通为阳性对照药。对正常小鼠排便及肠推进实验分为大、中、小枳术汤、便秘通及正常对照共5组;对脾虚便秘模型小鼠的排便作用上述分组加上模型自然恢复组共6组,负荷肠推进实验加上阿托品组共6组。给药后观察小鼠第1次排出黑便的时间,排便的粒数、排出粪便的重量,计算小肠的推进百分率。主要观察指标:①枳术汤对正常小鼠及脾虚模型小鼠排便作用的观察。②枳术汤对正常小鼠及阿托品负荷小鼠肠推进功能的影响。结果:共纳入小鼠328只,有9只因灌胃不慎致死亡,进入结果分析319只。枳术汤对小鼠排便作用的影响:①对正常小鼠,枳术汤各剂量组与蒸馏水组比较,第1次排黑便时间明显缩短、黑便粒数及粪便重量均有明显增加,但以大、中剂量枳术汤效果为优。②与正常组比较,模型组第1次黑便排出时间明显增加,排便粒数、排便重量明显减少。大、中剂量的枳术汤可使模型小鼠第1次黑便排出时间明显缩短,粪便粒数和粪便重量增加,作用优于对照药便秘通。枳术汤对小鼠小肠推进功能的影响:①枳术汤各给药组对正常小鼠小肠的推进率较蒸馏水组有明显升高。②增加阿托品负荷后,可使小肠推进百分率较正常对照组明显减少,给药各组小肠推进百分率则较阿托品组明显加快。结论:枳术汤能可使正常及脾虚便秘模型小鼠第1次排黑便的时间缩短、黑便粒数和粪便重量增加;使正常小鼠小肠肠推进率升高,并对阿托品引起的小肠推进抑制有较好的拮抗作用;各实验均以大、中剂量组效果明显,呈现了一定的量效关系,作用优于对照药便秘通。 Background: Constipation, especially the constipation caused by the inability to treat spleen deficiency, is often difficult to use with common laxatives. Strengthening spleen and promoting qi can help to solve this problem. OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of classic Mingfang Zhushu Decoction on gastrointestinal motility in spleen-deficiency constipation mice. Design: Randomized controlled trials. Unit: Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Medical College and Institute of Stomach, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine. MATERIALS: The experiment was completed at the Institute of Spleen and Stomach, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine from June 2002 to December 12th. 328 normal-grade NIH mice were used. METHODS: The spleen-deficiency constipation model was replicated by hunger-satisfaction, over-fatigue, water-inhibiting, and water-inhibiting methods. The defecation effects of large-, medium-, and small-dose Zhizhu Decoction on spleen-deficiency constipation mice and normal mice were observed. The effect of bowel propulsion function was used as a positive control drug for constipation. The defecation and intestinal propulsion experiments in normal mice were divided into five groups: large, medium, and small Zhizhu Decoction, constipation-passing and normal controls; the defecation of the model mice with spleen-deficiency constipation was combined with the model natural recovery group. Loaded bowel propulsion experiment plus atropine group total 6 groups. After the administration, the mice were observed for the first time to excrete melena, the number of defecations, and the weight of excreted feces, and the percentage of promotion of the small intestine was calculated. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Observation of the defecation effect of Zhizhu Decoction on normal mice and model mice with spleen deficiency. Effect of Zhizhu Decoction on Intestinal Propulsion Function in Normal Mice and Atropine Loaded Mice. RESULTS: A total of 328 mice were included. Nine of them died of inadvertent gavage and 319 of the results were analyzed. The effect of Zhizhu Decoction on the defecation of mice: 1 For normal mice, compared with the distilled water group in each dose group of Zhizhu Decoction, the first row of black stools was significantly shortened, and the number of black stools and feces weight were significantly increased. However, the effect of large and medium dose Zhizhu soup is excellent. 2Compared with the normal group, the first black discharge time in the model group increased significantly, and the number of defecation grains and defecation weight decreased significantly. Large and medium doses of Zhizhu Decoction can significantly shorten the first black stool discharge time of the model mice, increase the number of feces pellets and feces, and the effect is better than that of the control drug. The effect of Zhizhu Decoction on the small intestine advancing function of mice: (1) The advancing rate of Xiaozhu Decoction in the small intestine of normal mice was significantly higher than that of distilled water group. 2 After atropine loading was increased, the percentage of small bowel propulsion was significantly reduced compared with the normal control group, and the percentage of small bowel propulsion in each group was significantly faster than that of the atropine group. Conclusion: Qizhu Decoction can shorten the time for the first row of melena in normal and spleen-deficiency constipation model mice, increase the number of black stools and feces; increase the rate of small intestinal bowel in normal mice, and cause atropine-induced Small intestine advancing inhibition had a better antagonism; each experiment was effective in large and medium dose groups, showing a certain dose-effect relationship, and the effect was better than the control drug constipation.