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目的掌握黎平县2008-2012年病毒性肝炎流行特征及规律,为制定病毒性肝炎防控措施提供科学依据。方法采用描述性流行病学方法对黎平县2008-2012年病毒性肝炎疫情资料进行统计分析。结果黎平县2008-2012年共报告病毒性肝炎2 871例,年平均发病率为109.20/10万,其中乙肝2 630例、甲肝112例、丙肝108例、戊肝4例、未分型17例,分别占病毒性肝炎发病总数的91.60%、3.90%、3.76%、0.14%、0.59%。病例呈散发性,发病主要以农民、学生及散居儿童为主,病例集中在20~50岁的青壮年之间,10岁以下的儿童发病较少。结论黎平县病毒性肝炎的防治策略应作相应调整,除抓好新生儿、儿童的常规计划免疫工作外,还应进一步开展其他年龄组人群的接种工作,并侧重做好乙肝疫情的监测、登记、报告、管理及诊断技术,才能达到控制病毒性肝炎的目的。
Objective To grasp the epidemiological characteristics and rules of viral hepatitis in Liping County from 2008 to 2012 and to provide a scientific basis for the development of prevention and control measures of viral hepatitis. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the data of epidemic situation of viral hepatitis in Liping County from 2008 to 2012. Results A total of 2 871 cases of viral hepatitis were reported in Liping County from 2008 to 2012, with an average annual incidence of 109.20 / 100 000, including 2 630 cases of hepatitis B, 112 cases of hepatitis A, 108 cases of hepatitis C, 4 cases of hepatitis E and 17 cases of undifferentiated type Respectively, accounting for 91.60%, 3.90%, 3.76%, 0.14% and 0.59% of the total incidence of viral hepatitis. The cases were sporadic. The main diseases were peasants, students and diasporas. The cases were mainly concentrated among young adults aged 20 to 50 years old. Children less than 10 years old had less incidence. Conclusion The prevention and cure strategies for viral hepatitis in Liping County should be adjusted accordingly. In addition to regular routine immunization work for newborns and children, vaccination should be carried out in other age groups and the monitoring and registration of hepatitis B epidemic should be focused on Reporting, management and diagnostic techniques in order to achieve the goal of controlling viral hepatitis.